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Evolutionary dynamics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus within a healthcare system

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Date
23/04/2015
Author
Hsu, Li-Yang
Harris, Simon R
Chlebowicz, Monika A
Lindsay, Jodi A
Koh, Tse-Hsien
Krishnan, Prabha
Tan, Thean-Yen
Hon, Pei-Yun
Grubb, Warren B
Bentley, Stephen D
Parkhill, Julian
Peacock, Sharon J
Holden, Matthew T G
Keywords
RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
QR355 Virology
DAS
BDC
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Abstract
Background In the past decade, several countries have seen gradual replacement of endemic multi-resistant healthcare-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) with clones that are more susceptible to antibiotic treatment. One example is Singapore, where MRSA ST239, the dominant clone since molecular profiling of MRSA began in the mid-1980s, has been replaced by ST22 isolates belonging to EMRSA-15, a recently emerged pandemic lineage originating from Europe. Results We investigated the population structure of MRSA in Singaporean hospitals spanning three decades, using whole genome sequencing. Applying Bayesian phylogenetic methods we report that prior to the introduction of ST22, the ST239 MRSA population in Singapore originated from multiple introductions from the surrounding region; it was frequently transferred within the healthcare system resulting in a heterogeneous hospital population. Following the introduction of ST22 around the beginning of the millennium, this clone spread rapidly through Singaporean hospitals, supplanting the endemic ST239 population. Coalescent analysis revealed that although the genetic diversity of ST239 initially decreased as ST22 became more dominant, from 2007 onwards the genetic diversity of ST239 began to increase once more, which was not associated with the emergence of a sub-clone of ST239. Comparative genomic analysis of the accessory genome of the extant ST239 population identified that the Arginine Catabolic Mobile Element arose multiple times, thereby introducing genes associated with enhanced skin colonization into this population. Conclusions Our results clearly demonstrate that, alongside clinical practice and antibiotic usage, competition between clones also has an important role in driving the evolution of nosocomial pathogen populations.
Citation
Hsu , L-Y , Harris , S R , Chlebowicz , M A , Lindsay , J A , Koh , T-H , Krishnan , P , Tan , T-Y , Hon , P-Y , Grubb , W B , Bentley , S D , Parkhill , J , Peacock , S J & Holden , M T G 2015 , ' Evolutionary dynamics of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus within a healthcare system ' , Genome Biology , vol. 16 , 81 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-015-0643-z
Publication
Genome Biology
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13059-015-0643-z
ISSN
1474-760X
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2015 Hsu et al.; licensee BioMed Central. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly credited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Description
SRH, SDB JP and MTGH were supported by Wellcome Trust grant 098051. LYH was funded by the National Medical Research Council Singapore. SP is funded by the UKCRC Translational Infection Research Initiative, and the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre.
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6585

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