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The complete genome sequence and comparative genome analysis of the high pathogenicity Yersinia enterocolitica strain 8081

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Date
12/2006
Author
Thomson, Nicholas R.
Howard, Sarah
Wren, Brendan W.
Holden, Matthew T. G.
Crossman, Lisa
Challis, Gregory L.
Churcher, Carol
Mungall, Karen
Brooks, Karen
Chillingworth, Tracey
Feltwell, Theresa
Abdellah, Zahra
Hauser, Heidi
Jagels, Kay
Maddison, Mark
Moule, Sharon
Sanders, Mandy
Whitehead, Sally
Quail, Michael A.
Dougan, Gordon
Parkhill, Julian
Prentice, Michael B.
Keywords
Osmoregulated periplasmic glucans
Methionine salvage pathway
Escherichia-coli
III secretion
Actinobacillus-actinomycetemcomitans
Evolutionary genomics
Bacterial pathogens
Molecular-hydrogen
Functional-aspects
Gene-cluster
QH426 Genetics
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Abstract
The human enteropathogen, Yersinia enterocolitica, is a significant link in the range of Yersinia pathologies extending from mild gastroenteritis to bubonic plague. Comparison at the genomic level is a key step in our understanding of the genetic basis for this pathogenicity spectrum. Here we report the genome of Y. enterocolitica strain 8081 (serotype 0: 8; biotype 1B) and extensive microarray data relating to the genetic diversity of the Y. enterocolitica species. Our analysis reveals that the genome of Y. enterocolitica strain 8081 is a patchwork of horizontally acquired genetic loci, including a plasticity zone of 199 kb containing an extraordinarily high density of virulence genes. Microarray analysis has provided insights into species-specific Y. enterocolitica gene functions and the intraspecies differences between the high, low, and nonpathogenic Y. enterocolitica biotypes. Through comparative genome sequence analysis we provide new information on the evolution of the Yersinia. We identify numerous loci that represent ancestral clusters of genes potentially important in enteric survival and pathogenesis, which have been lost or are in the process of being lost, in the other sequenced Yersinia lineages. Our analysis also highlights large metabolic operons in Y. enterocolitica that are absent in the related enteropathogen, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, indicating major differences in niche and nutrients used within the mammalian gut. These include clusters directing, the production of hydrogenases, tetrathionate respiration, cobalamin synthesis, and propanediol utilisation. Along with ancestral gene clusters, the genome of Y. enterocolitica has revealed species-specific and enteropathogen-specific loci. This has provided important insights into the pathology of this bacterium and, more broadly, into the evolution of the genus. Moreover, wider investigations looking at the patterns of gene loss and gain in the Yersinia have highlighted common themes in the genome evolution of other human enteropathogens.
Citation
Thomson , N R , Howard , S , Wren , B W , Holden , M T G , Crossman , L , Challis , G L , Churcher , C , Mungall , K , Brooks , K , Chillingworth , T , Feltwell , T , Abdellah , Z , Hauser , H , Jagels , K , Maddison , M , Moule , S , Sanders , M , Whitehead , S , Quail , M A , Dougan , G , Parkhill , J & Prentice , M B 2006 , ' The complete genome sequence and comparative genome analysis of the high pathogenicity Yersinia enterocolitica strain 8081 ' , PLoS Genetics , vol. 2 , no. 12 , 206 , pp. 2039-2051 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020206
Publication
PLoS Genetics
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgen.0020206
ISSN
1553-7390
Type
Journal article
Rights
© 2006 Thomson et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Description
This work was supported by The Wellcome Trust.
Collections
  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4616

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