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Unintended consequences of mHealth interactive voice messages promoting contraceptive use after menstrual regulation in Bangladesh : intimate partner violence results from a randomized controlled trial

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Date
23/09/2019
Author
Reiss, Kate
Andersen, Kathryn
Pearson, Erin
Biswas, Kamal
Taleb, Fahmida
Ngo, Thoai D.
Hossain, Altaf
Barnard, Sharmani
Smith, Chris
Carpenter, James
Menzel, Jamie
Footman, Katharine
Keenan, Katherine
Douthwaite, Megan
Reena, Yasmin
Mahmood, Hassan Rushekh
Tabbassum, Tanzila
Colombini, Manuela
Bacchus, Loraine
Church, Kathryn
Keywords
RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
Health Policy
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
NDAS
Metadata
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Abstract
Background: Mobile phones for health (mHealth) hold promise for delivering behavioral interventions. We evaluated the effect of automated interactive voice messages promoting contraceptive use with a focus on long-acting reversible contraceptives (LARCs) among women in Bangladesh who had undergone menstrual regulation (MR), a procedure to “regulate the menstrual cycle when menstruation is absent for a short duration.” Methods: We recruited MR clients from 41 public- and private-sector clinics immediately after MR. Eligibility criteria included having a personal mobile phone and consenting to receive messages about family planning by phone. We randomized participants remotely to an intervention group that received at least 11 voice messages about contraception over 4 months or to a control group (no messages). The primary outcome was LARC use at 4 months. Adverse events measured included experience of intimate partner violence (IPV). Researchers recruiting participants and 1 analyst were blinded to allocation groups. All analyses were intention to treat. The trial is registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02579785). Results: Between December 2015 and March 2016, 485 women were allocated to the intervention group and 484 to the control group. We completed follow-up on 389 intervention and 383 control participants. Forty-eight (12%) participants in the intervention group and 59 (15%) in the control group reported using a LARC method at 4 months (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] using multiple imputation=0.95; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.49 to 1.83; P=.22). Reported physical IPV was higher in the intervention group: 42 (11%) intervention versus 25 (7%) control (aOR=1.97; 95% CI=1.12 to 3.46; P=.03) when measured using a closed question naming acts of violence. No violence was reported in response to an open question about effects of being in the study. Conclusions: The intervention did not increase LARC use but had an unintended consequence of increasing self-reported IPV. Researchers and health program designers should consider possible negative impacts when designing and evaluating mHealth and other reproductive health interventions. IPV must be measured using closed questions naming acts of violence.
Citation
Reiss , K , Andersen , K , Pearson , E , Biswas , K , Taleb , F , Ngo , T D , Hossain , A , Barnard , S , Smith , C , Carpenter , J , Menzel , J , Footman , K , Keenan , K , Douthwaite , M , Reena , Y , Mahmood , H R , Tabbassum , T , Colombini , M , Bacchus , L & Church , K 2019 , ' Unintended consequences of mHealth interactive voice messages promoting contraceptive use after menstrual regulation in Bangladesh : intimate partner violence results from a randomized controlled trial ' , Global Health: Science and Practice , vol. 7 , no. 3 , pp. 386-403 . https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-19-00015
Publication
Global Health: Science and Practice
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-19-00015
ISSN
2169-575X
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © Reiss et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are properly cited. To view a copy of the license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. When linking to this article, please use the following permanent link: https://doi.org/10.9745/GHSP-D-19-00015
Description
This study is funded by UK aid from the UK government. It was part-funded through the Strengthening Evidence for Programming on Unintended Pregnancy (STEP-UP) Research Consortium, managed by the Population Council. KR was funded by an ESRC PhD fellowship.
Collections
  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18649

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