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Arts-based approaches to promoting health in sub-Saharan Africa : a scoping review

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Date
21/05/2020
Author
Bunn, Christopher
Kalinga, Chisomo
Mtema, Otiyela
Abdulla, Sharifa
DIllip, Angel
Lwanda, John
Mtenga, Sally M.
Sharp, Jo
Strachan, Zoë
Gray, Cindy M.
Keywords
Health education and promotion
Health policy
Review
RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
Health Policy
Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health
NDAS
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Abstract
Introduction Arts-based approaches to health promotion have been used widely across sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), particularly in public health responses to HIV/AIDS. Such approaches draw on deep-rooted historical traditions of indigenous groups in combination with imported traditions which emerged from colonial engagement. To date, no review has sought to map the locations, health issues, art forms and methods documented by researchers using arts-based approaches in SSA. Methods Using scoping review methodology, 11 databases spanning biomedicine, arts and humanities and social sciences were searched. Researchers screened search results for papers using predefined criteria. Papers included in the review were read and summarised using a standardised proforma. Descriptive statistics were produced to characterise the location of the studies, art forms used or discussed, and the health issues addressed, and to determine how best to summarise the literature identified. Results Searches identified a total of 59 794 records, which reduced to 119 after screening. We identified literature representing 30 (62.5%) of the 48 countries in the SSA region. The papers covered 16 health issues. The majority (84.9%) focused on HIV/AIDS-related work, with Ebola (5.0%) and malaria (3.3%) also receiving attention. Most studies used a single art form (79.0%), but a significant number deployed multiple forms (21.0%). Theatre-based approaches were most common (43.7%), followed by music and song (22.6%), visual arts (other) (9.2%), storytelling (7.6%) and film (5.0%). Conclusions Arts-based approaches have been widely deployed in health promotion in SSA, particularly in response to HIV/AIDS. Historically and as evidenced by this review, arts-based approaches have provided a platform to facilitate enquiry, achieved significant reach and in some instances supported demonstrable health-related change. Challenges relating to content, power relations and evaluation have been reported. Future research should focus on broadening application to other conditions, such as non-communicable diseases, and on addressing challenges raised in research to date.
Citation
Bunn , C , Kalinga , C , Mtema , O , Abdulla , S , DIllip , A , Lwanda , J , Mtenga , S M , Sharp , J , Strachan , Z & Gray , C M 2020 , ' Arts-based approaches to promoting health in sub-Saharan Africa : a scoping review ' , BMJ Global Health , vol. 5 , no. 5 , e001987 . https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001987
Publication
BMJ Global Health
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjgh-2019-001987
ISSN
2059-7908
Type
Journal item
Rights
Copyright © Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2020. This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Unported (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits others to copy, redistribute, remix, transform and build upon this work for any purpose, provided the original work is properly cited, a link to the licence is given, and indication of whether changes were made. See: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Description
This study was jointly funded by the UK’s Medical Research Council and Arts and Humanities Research Council, as part of the Global Challenges Research Fund- reference number MR/R024448/1. CK is funded by a Wellcome Trust Medical Humanities Fellowship.
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/20131

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