LGP2 plays a critical role in sensitizing mda-5 to activation by double-stranded RNA
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Date
09/05/2013Funder
Grant ID
087751/A/08/Z
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Abstract
The DExD/H box RNA helicases retinoic acid-inducible gene-I (RIG-I) and melanoma differentiation associated gene-5 (mda-5) sense viral RNA in the cytoplasm of infected cells and activate signal transduction pathways that trigger the production of type I interferons (IFNs). Laboratory of genetics and physiology 2 (LGP2) is thought to influence IFN production by regulating the activity of RIG-I and mda-5, although its mechanism of action is not known and its function is controversial. Here we show that expression of LGP2 potentiates IFN induction by polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)], commonly used as a synthetic mimic of viral dsRNA, and that this is particularly significant at limited levels of the inducer. The observed enhancement is mediated through co-operation with mda-5, which depends upon LGP2 for maximal activation in response to poly(I:C). This co-operation is dependent upon dsRNA binding by LGP2, and the presence of helicase domain IV, both of which are required for LGP2 to interact with mda-5. In contrast, although RIG-I can also be activated by poly(I:C), LGP2 does not have the ability to enhance IFN induction by RIG-I, and instead acts as an inhibitor of RIG-I-dependent poly(I:C) signaling. Thus the level of LGP2 expression is a critical factor in determining the cellular sensitivity to induction by dsRNA, and this may be important for rapid activation of the IFN response at early times post-infection when the levels of inducer are low.
Citation
Childs , K S , Randall , R E & Goodbourn , S 2013 , ' LGP2 plays a critical role in sensitizing mda-5 to activation by double-stranded RNA ' , PLoS One , vol. 8 , no. 5 , e64202 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0064202
Publication
PLoS One
Status
Peer reviewed
ISSN
1932-6203Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright: © 2013 Childs et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Description
This work was supported by The Wellcome Trust (Grant Numbers AL087751/B to SG and 087751/A/08/Z to RER). (http://www.wellcome.ac.uk/).Collections
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