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Characterisation and expression of calpain family members in relation to nutritional status, diet composition and flesh texture in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata)

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Date
25/09/2013
Author
Salmeron, Cristina
Garcia de la Serrana Castillo, Daniel
Jimenez-Amilburu, Vanesa
Fontanillas, Ramon
Navarro, Isabel
Johnston, Ian A.
Gutierrez, Joaquim
Capilla, Encarnacion
Keywords
Trout oncorhynchus-mykiss
Calcium-dependent protease
Bass dicentrarchus-labrax
Muscle-specific calpain
Skeletal-muscle
Atlantic salmon
Growth dynamics
Myofibril fragmentation
Longissimus muscle
Messenger-RNA
QH301 Biology
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Abstract
Calpains are non-lysosomal calcium-activated neutral proteases involved in a wide range of cellular processes including muscle proteolysis linked to post-mortem flesh softening. The aims of this study were (a) to characterise several members of the calpain system in gilthead sea bream and (b) to examine their expression in relation to nutritional status and muscle tenderisation. We identified the complete open reading frame of gilthead sea bream calpains1-3, sacapn1, sacapn2, sacapn3, and two paralogs of the calpain small subunit1, sacapns1a and sacapns1b. Proteins showed 63-90% sequence identity compared with sequences from mammals and other teleost fishes, and the characteristic domain structure of vertebrate calpains. Transcripts of sacapn1, sacapn2, sacapns1a and sacapns1b had a wide tissue distribution, whereas sacapn3 was almost exclusively detected in skeletal muscle. Next, we assessed transcript expression in skeletal muscle following alteration of nutritional status by (a) fasting and re-feeding or (b) feeding four experimental diets with different carbohydrate-to-protein ratios. Fasting significantly reduced plasma glucose and increased free fatty acids and triglycerides, together with a significant increase in sacapns1b expression. Following 7 days of re-feeding, plasma parameters returned to fed values and sacapn1, sacapn2, sacapns1a and sacapns1b expression was significantly reduced. Furthermore, an increase in dietary carbohydrate content (11 to 39%) diminished growth but increased muscle texture, which showed a significant correlation with decreased sacapn1 and sacapns1a expression, whilst the other calpains remained unaffected. This study has demonstrated that calpain expression is modulated by nutritional status and diet composition in gilthead sea bream, and that the expression of several calpain members is correlated with muscle texture, indicating their potential use as molecular markers for flesh quality in aquaculture production.
Citation
Salmeron , C , Garcia de la Serrana Castillo , D , Jimenez-Amilburu , V , Fontanillas , R , Navarro , I , Johnston , I A , Gutierrez , J & Capilla , E 2013 , ' Characterisation and expression of calpain family members in relation to nutritional status, diet composition and flesh texture in gilthead sea bream (Sparus aurata) ' , PLoS ONE , vol. 8 , no. 9 , e75349 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0075349
Publication
PLoS ONE
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0075349
ISSN
1932-6203
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright: © 2013 Salmerón et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description
EC is a Ramón y Cajal researcher fellow from the “Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovaci” (MICINN). This work was supported by funds from the MICINN (AGL2009-12427 and AGL2010-17324), the Catalonian Government (2009SGR-00402) and the “Xarxa de Referència d’R+D+I en Aqüicultura” and the European Union through the project LIFECYCLE (FP7-222719).
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5012

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