Multinuclear solid-state NMR for the characterisation of inorganic materials
View/ Open
Date
26/06/2013Author
Supervisor
Metadata
Show full item recordAltmetrics Handle Statistics
Abstract
In this work, multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is used to investigate a range of inorganic materials, often in combination with DFT (density functional theory) studies. Solid-state NMR is particularly suited to the study of aluminophosphates (AlPOs), as the basic components of their frameworks have NMR active isotopes (²⁷Al, ³¹P, ¹⁷O), as do many of the atoms that comprise the structure directing agent (¹³C, ¹H, ¹⁵N), and the charge-balancing anions (OH⁻, F⁻). A study of the AlPO STA-15 (St Andrews microporous solid-15) provides an introduction to using solid-state NMR spectroscopy to investigate AlPOs. More in-depth studies of AlPO STA-2 (St Andrews microporous solid-2) and MgAPO STA-2 (magnesium-substituted AlPO) examine charge-balancing mechanisms in AlPO-based materials.
A range of scandium carboxylate metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), with rigid and flexible frameworks, have been characterised by multinuclear solid-state NMR spectroscopy (⁴⁵Sc, ¹³C and ¹H). The materials studied contain a variety of metal units and organic linkers. ¹³C and ¹H magic-angle spinning (MAS) NMR were used to study the organic linker molecules and ⁴⁵Sc MAS NMR was used to study the scandium environment in the MOFs Sc₂BDC₃ (BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate), MIL-53(Sc), MIL-88(Sc), MIL-100(Sc) and Sc-ABTC (ABTC = 3,3`,5,5`-azobenzenetetracarboxylate). Functionalised derivatives of Sc₂BDC₃ and MIL-53(Sc) were also studied. The ⁴⁵Sc MAS NMR spectra are found to be strongly dependant on the Sc³⁺ coordination environment.
²⁷Al and ²⁵Mg MAS NMR have been used to study Ti-bearing hibonite samples (of general formula Ca(Al, Ti, Mg)₁₂O₁₉), and results compared to a recent complementary neutron powder diffraction study, in order to investigate the substitution sites for Ti³⁺/⁴⁺ and Mg²⁺. A DFT investigation was also carried out on the aluminium end member, CaAl₁₂O₁₉, due to debate in the literature on the ²⁷Al NMR parameters for the trigonal-bipyramidal site. The substitution of Mg onto the tetrahedral site (M3) and Ti primarily onto one of the octahedral sites (M4) is supported.
Type
Thesis, PhD Doctor of Philosophy
Collections
Items in the St Andrews Research Repository are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.