Toxicity of metal-organic framework nanoparticles : from essential analyses to potential applications
Abstract
In the last two decades, the field of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has exploded, and MOF nanoparticles in particular are being investigated with increasing interest for various applications, including gas storage and separation, water harvesting, catalysis, energy conversion and storage, sensing, diagnosis, therapy, and theranostics. To further pave their way into real-world applications, and to push the synthesis of MOF nanoparticles that are 'safe-and-sustainable-by-design', this tutorial review aims to shed light on the importance of a systematic toxicity assessment. After clarifying and working out the most important terms and aspects from the field of nanotoxicity, the current state-of-the-art of in vitro and in vivo toxicity studies of MOF nanoparticles is evaluated. Moreover, the key aspects affecting the toxicity of MOF nanoparticles such as their chemical composition, their physico-chemical properties, including their colloidal and chemical stability, are discussed. We highlight the need of more targeted synthesis of MOF nanoparticles that are 'safe-and-sustainable-by-design', and their tailored hazard assessment in the context of their potential applications in order to tap the full potential of this versatile material class in the future.
Citation
Ettlinger , R , Lächelt , U , Gref , R , Horcajada , P , Lammers , T , Serre , C , Couvreur , P , Morris , R E & Wuttke , S 2022 , ' Toxicity of metal-organic framework nanoparticles : from essential analyses to potential applications ' , Chemical Society Reviews , vol. Advance article . https://doi.org/10.1039/d1cs00918d
Publication
Chemical Society Reviews
Status
Peer reviewed
ISSN
0306-0012Type
Journal item
Rights
Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This work has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies or with permission. Permission for further reuse of this content should be sought from the publisher or the rights holder. This is the author created accepted manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.1039/D1CS00918D
Description
RE and REM thank the European Research Council for funding under the Advanced Grant 787073. PH acknowledges the Spanish Ramón y Cajal Programme (grant agreement no. 2014-15039) and the Multifunctional Metallodrugs in Diagnosis and Therapy Network (MICIU, RED2018-102471-T).Collections
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