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Impact on emergency and elective hospital-based care in Scotland over the first 12 months of the pandemic: interrupted time-series analysis of national lockdowns

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Shah_2022_JoRSM_Impact_emergency_elective_hospital_based_care_Scotland_CC.pdf (1.179Mb)
Date
03/05/2022
Author
Shah, Syed Ahmar
Mulholland, Rachel H
Wilkinson, Samantha
Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal
Pan, Jiafeng
Shi, Ting
Kerr, Steven
Agrawal, Uktarsh
Rudan, Igor
Simpson, Colin R
Stock, Sarah J
Macleod, John
Murray, Josephine-LK
McCowan, Colin
Ritchie, Lewis
Woolhouse, Mark
Sheikh, Aziz
Keywords
Population trends
Public health
Statistics and research methods
RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
3rd-DAS
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Abstract
Objectives COVID-19 has resulted in the greatest disruption to National Health Service (NHS) care in its over 70-year history. Building on our previous work, we assessed the ongoing impact of pandemic-related disruption on provision of emergency and elective hospital-based care across Scotland over the first year of the pandemic. Design We undertook interrupted time-series analyses to evaluate the impact of ongoing pandemic-related disruption on hospital NHS care provision at national level and across demographics and clinical specialties spanning the period 29 March 2020?28 March 2021. Setting Scotland, UK. Participants Patients receiving hospital care from NHS Scotland. Main outcome measures We used the percentage change of accident and emergency attendances, and emergency and planned hospital admissions during the pandemic compared to the average admission rate for equivalent weeks in 2018-2019. Results As restrictions were gradually lifted in Scotland after the first lockdown, hospital-based admissions increased approaching pre-pandemic levels. Subsequent tightening of restrictions in September 2020 were associated with a change in slope of relative weekly admissions rate: -1.98% (-2.38, -1.58) in accident and emergency attendance, -1.36% (-1.68, -1.04) in emergency admissions and -2.31% (-2.95, -1.66) in planned admissions. A similar pattern was seen across sex, socioeconomic status and most age groups, except children (0-14 years) where accident and emergency attendance, and emergency admissions were persistently low over the study period. Conclusions We found substantial disruption to urgent and planned inpatient healthcare provision in hospitals across NHS Scotland. There is the need for urgent policy responses to address continuing unmet health needs and to ensure resilience in the context of future pandemics.
Citation
Shah , S A , Mulholland , R H , Wilkinson , S , Katikireddi , S V , Pan , J , Shi , T , Kerr , S , Agrawal , U , Rudan , I , Simpson , C R , Stock , S J , Macleod , J , Murray , J-LK , McCowan , C , Ritchie , L , Woolhouse , M & Sheikh , A 2022 , ' Impact on emergency and elective hospital-based care in Scotland over the first 12 months of the pandemic: interrupted time-series analysis of national lockdowns ' , Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine , vol. OnlineFirst , 01410768221095239 . https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768221095239
Publication
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/01410768221095239
ISSN
0141-0768
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright The Royal Society of Medicine 2022. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) which permits any use, reproduction and distribution of the work without further permission provided the original work is attributed as specified on the SAGE and Open Access pages (https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/open-access-at-sage).
Description
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This analysis is part of the Early Pandemic Evaluation and Enhanced Surveillance of COVID-19 (EAVE II) study. EAVE II is funded by the Medical Research Council (MR/R008345/1) with the support of BREATHE – The Health Data Research Hub for Respiratory Health (MC_PC_19004), which is funded through the UK Research and Innovation Industrial Strategy Challenge Fund and delivered through Health Data Research UK. Additional support has been provided through the Scottish Government DG Health and Social Care. SAS and AS are also supported by the COVID-19 Longitudinal Health and Wellbeing National Core Study, funded by the Medical Research Council (MC_PC_20030). SVK acknowledges funding from a NRS Senior Clinical Fellowship (SCAF/15/02), the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_00022/2) and the Scottish Government Chief Scientist Office (SPHSU17). JM is partly funded by the National Institute for Health Research Applied Research Collaboration West (NIHR ARC West).
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25354

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