St Andrews Research Repository

St Andrews University Home
View Item 
  •   St Andrews Research Repository
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • View Item
  •   St Andrews Research Repository
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • View Item
  •   St Andrews Research Repository
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • View Item
  • Register / Login
JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale (Kogia sima)

Thumbnail
View/Open
Malinka_2021_JEB_Echolocation_click_VoR.pdf (1.489Mb)
Date
26/03/2021
Author
Malinka, Chloe E
Tønnesen, Pernille
Dunn, Charlotte A
Claridge, Diane E
Gridley, Tess
Elwen, Simon H
Teglberg Madsen, Peter
Keywords
Beam pattern
Bioacoustics
Hydrophone array
Narrow-band high-frequency
Passive acoustic monitoring
Source parameters
GC Oceanography
DAS
NIS
Metadata
Show full item record
Abstract
Dwarf sperm whales (Kogia sima) are small toothed whales that produce narrow-band high-frequency (NBHF) echolocation clicks. Such NBHF clicks, subject to high levels of acoustic absorption, are usually produced by small, shallow-diving odontocetes, such as porpoises, in keeping with their short-range echolocation and fast click rates. Here, we sought to address the problem of how the little-studied and deep-diving Kogia can hunt with NBHF clicks in the deep sea. Specifically, we tested the hypotheses that Kogia produce NBHF clicks with longer inter-click intervals (ICIs), higher directionality and higher source levels (SLs) compared with other NBHF species. We did this by deploying an autonomous deep-water vertical hydrophone array in the Bahamas, where no other NBHF species are present, and by taking opportunistic recordings of a close-range Kogia sima in a South African harbour. Parameters from on-axis clicks (n=46) in the deep revealed very narrow-band clicks (root mean squared bandwidth, BWRMS, of 3±1 kHz), with SLs of up to 197 dB re. 1 µPa peak-to-peak (μPapp) at 1 m, and a half-power beamwidth of 8.8 deg. Their ICIs (mode of 245 ms) were much longer than those of porpoises (<100 ms), suggesting an inspection range that is longer than detection ranges of single prey, perhaps to facilitate auditory streaming of a complex echo scene. On-axis clicks in the shallow harbour (n=870) had ICIs and SLs in keeping with source parameters of other NBHF cetaceans. Thus, in the deep, dwarf sperm whales use a directional, but short-range echolocation system with moderate SLs, suggesting a reliable mesopelagic prey habitat.
Citation
Malinka , C E , Tønnesen , P , Dunn , C A , Claridge , D E , Gridley , T , Elwen , S H & Teglberg Madsen , P 2021 , ' Echolocation click parameters and biosonar behaviour of the dwarf sperm whale ( Kogia sima ) ' , Journal of Experimental Biology , vol. 224 , no. 6 , jeb240689 . https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689
Publication
Journal of Experimental Biology
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689
ISSN
0022-0949
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2021 The author(s). Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd. This work has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies or with permission. Permission for further reuse of this content should be sought from the publisher or the rights holder. This is the final published version of the work, which was originally published at https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.240689
Description
PhD and fieldwork funding were provided by the Danmarks Grundforskningsfond (27125 to P.T.M.), the Oticon Fonden (18-0340 to C.E.M.) the Dansk Akustisk Selskab (to C.E.M.), the South Africa National Research Foundation (research career advancement fellowship to S.E.) and the Claude Leon Foundation (postdoctoral fellowship to T.G.).
Collections
  • University of St Andrews Research
URL
https://journals.biologists.com/jeb/article/224/6/jeb240689/237928/Echolocation-click-parameters-and-biosonar#supplementary-data
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/25110

Items in the St Andrews Research Repository are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.

Advanced Search

Browse

All of RepositoryCommunities & CollectionsBy Issue DateNamesTitlesSubjectsClassificationTypeFunderThis CollectionBy Issue DateNamesTitlesSubjectsClassificationTypeFunder

My Account

Login

Open Access

To find out how you can benefit from open access to research, see our library web pages and Open Access blog. For open access help contact: openaccess@st-andrews.ac.uk.

Accessibility

Read our Accessibility statement.

How to submit research papers

The full text of research papers can be submitted to the repository via Pure, the University's research information system. For help see our guide: How to deposit in Pure.

Electronic thesis deposit

Help with deposit.

Repository help

For repository help contact: Digital-Repository@st-andrews.ac.uk.

Give Feedback

Cookie policy

This site may use cookies. Please see Terms and Conditions.

Usage statistics

COUNTER-compliant statistics on downloads from the repository are available from the IRUS-UK Service. Contact us for information.

© University of St Andrews Library

University of St Andrews is a charity registered in Scotland, No SC013532.

  • Facebook
  • Twitter