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dc.contributor.authorProud, Roland
dc.contributor.authorLe Guen, Camille Melanie Marie-Anne
dc.contributor.authorSherley, Richard
dc.contributor.authorKato, Akiko
dc.contributor.authorCoudert, Yan-Ropert
dc.contributor.authorRatcliffe, Norman
dc.contributor.authorJarman, Simon
dc.contributor.authorWyness, Adam
dc.contributor.authorArnould, John P.
dc.contributor.authorSaunders, Ryan A.
dc.contributor.authorFernandes, Paul G.
dc.contributor.authorBoehme, Lars
dc.contributor.authorBrierley, Andrew Stuart
dc.date.accessioned2021-11-29T10:30:04Z
dc.date.available2021-11-29T10:30:04Z
dc.date.issued2021-11-29
dc.identifier276371609
dc.identifier5f5525c9-6f1b-489a-b48b-eb0491f72294
dc.identifier85121268094
dc.identifier.citationProud , R , Le Guen , C M M-A , Sherley , R , Kato , A , Coudert , Y-R , Ratcliffe , N , Jarman , S , Wyness , A , Arnould , J P , Saunders , R A , Fernandes , P G , Boehme , L & Brierley , A S 2021 , ' Using predicted patterns of 3D prey distribution to map king penguin foraging habitat ' , Frontiers in Marine Science , vol. 8 , 745200 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2021.745200en
dc.identifier.issn2296-7745
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-6438-6892/work/104252274
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-8647-5562/work/104252460
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/24416
dc.descriptionFunding: The at-sea data collection and 50% of CLG’s PhD studentship was provided by the Swiss Polar Institute as a grant ‘Unlocking the Secrets of the False Bottom’ to ASB. The School of Biology, University of St Andrews, funded the other 50% of CLG’s studentship. Work at South Georgia was supported by Natural Environment Research Council’s Collaborative Antarctic Science Scheme (CASS-129), a grant from the Trans-Antarctic Association Grant to RBS, and a British Antarctic Survey Collaborative Gearing Scheme grant to RBS and ASB.en
dc.description.abstractKing penguins (Aptenodytes patagonicus) are an iconic Southern Ocean species, but the prey distributions that underpin their at-sea foraging tracks and diving behaviour remain unclear. We conducted simultaneous acoustic surveys off South Georgia and tracking of king penguins breeding ashore there in Austral summer 2017 to gain insight into habitat use and foraging behaviour. Acoustic surveys revealed ubiquitous deep scattering layers (DSLs; acoustically detected layers of fish and other micronekton that inhabit the mesopelagic zone) at c. 500 m and shallower ephemeral fish schools. Based on DNA extracted from penguin faecal samples, these schools were likely comprised of lanternfish (an important component of king penguin diets), icefish (Channichthyidae spp.) and painted noties (Lepidonotothen larseni). Penguins did not dive as deep as DSLs, but their prey-encounter depth-distributions, as revealed by biologging, overlapped at fine scale (10s of m) with depths of acoustically detected fish schools. We used neural networks to predict local scale (10 km) fish echo intensity and depth distribution at penguin dive locations based on environmental correlates, and developed models of habitat use. Habitat modelling revealed that king penguins preferentially foraged at locations predicted to have shallow and dense (high acoustic energy) fish schools associated with shallow and dense DSLs. These associations could be used to predict the distribution of king penguins from other colonies at South Georgia for which no tracking data are available, and to identify areas of potential ecological significance within the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands marine protected area.
dc.format.extent18
dc.format.extent3858723
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofFrontiers in Marine Scienceen
dc.subjectAcoustic surveysen
dc.subjectAptenodytes patagonicusen
dc.subjectDiving behaviouren
dc.subjectForaging habitaten
dc.subjectKing penguinen
dc.subjectPrey distributionen
dc.subjectSouthern Oceanen
dc.subjectSouth Georgiaen
dc.subjectQA Mathematicsen
dc.subjectQH301 Biologyen
dc.subjectDASen
dc.subjectSDG 14 - Life Below Wateren
dc.subject.lccQAen
dc.subject.lccQH301en
dc.titleUsing predicted patterns of 3D prey distribution to map king penguin foraging habitaten
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.sponsorNERCen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Instituteen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Pelagic Ecology Research Groupen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Biologyen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotlanden
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Centre for Research into Ecological & Environmental Modellingen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Uniten
dc.identifier.doi10.3389/fmars.2021.745200
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.identifier.grantnumberNE/R012679/1en


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