A partially randomised trial of pretomanid, moxifloxacin and pyrazinamide for pulmonary TB
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Treatment for TB is lengthy and toxic, and new regimens are needed. METHODS: Participants with pulmonary drug-susceptible TB (DS-TB) were randomised to receive: 200 mg pretomanid (Pa, PMD) daily, 400 mg moxifloxacin (M) and 1500 mg pyrazinamide (Z) for 6 months (6Pa200MZ) or 4 months (4Pa200MZ); 100 mg pretomanid daily for 4 months in the same combination (4Pa100MZ); or standard DS-TB treatment for 6 months. The primary outcome was treatment failure or relapse at 12 months post-randomisation. The non-inferiority margin for between-group differences was 12.0%. Recruitment was paused following three deaths and not resumed. RESULTS: Respectively 4/47 (8.5%), 11/57 (19.3%), 14/52 (26.9%) and 1/53 (1.9%) DS-TB outcomes were unfavourable in patients on 6Pa200MZ, 4Pa200MZ, 4Pa100MZ and controls. There was a 6.6% (95% CI –2.2% to 15.4%) difference per protocol and 9.9% (95%CI –4.1% to 23.9%) modified intention-to-treat difference in unfavourable responses between the control and 6Pa200MZ arms. Grade 3+ adverse events affected 68/203 (33.5%) receiving experimental regimens, and 19/68 (27.9%) on control. Ten of 203 (4.9%) participants on experimental arms and 2/68 (2.9%) controls died. CONCLUSION: PaMZ regimens did not achieve non-inferiority in this under-powered trial. An ongoing evaluation of PMD remains a priority.
Citation
Tweed , C D , Wills , G H , Crook , A M , Amukoye , E , Balanag , V , Ban , A Y L , Bateson , A L C , Betteridge , M C , Brumskine , W , Caoili , J , Chaisson , R E , Cevik , M , Conradie , F , Dawson , R , del Parigi , A , Diacon , A , Everitt , D E , Fabiane , S M , Hunt , R , Ismail , A I , Lalloo , U , Lombard , L , Louw , C , Malahleha , M , McHugh , T D , Mendel , C M , Mhimbira , F , Moodliar , R N , Nduba , V , Nunn , A J , Sabi , I , Sebe , M A , Selepe , R A P , Staples , S , Swindells , S , van Niekerk , C H , Variava , E , Spigelman , M & Gillespie , S H 2021 , ' A partially randomised trial of pretomanid, moxifloxacin and pyrazinamide for pulmonary TB ' , International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease , vol. 25 , no. 4 , pp. 305-314 . https://doi.org/10.5588/ijtld.20.0513
Publication
International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Status
Peer reviewed
ISSN
1027-3719Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright 2021 The Union. This article is Open Access under the terms of the Creative Commons CC BY licence.
Description
STAND was sponsored by TB Alliance with support from the UK Department for International Development, UK Department of Health (London, UK), Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Seattle, WA, USA), US Agency for International Development (Washington DC, USA), Directorate General for International Cooperation of the Netherlands (Amsterdam, The Netherlands), Irish Aid (Dublin, Ireland), Australia Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Canberra ACT, Australia) and the Federal Ministry for Education and Research of Germany (Berlin, Germany) through KfW (Kreditanstalt fur Wiederaufbau) and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health (NIH; Bethesda, MD, USA) under Award Numbers UM1 AI068634 and UM1 AI068636. AMC and AJN are supported by Medical Research Council Grant: MC_UU_12023/27 Tuberculosis Treatment Trials.Collections
Items in the St Andrews Research Repository are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.