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BitPart : exact metric search in high(er) dimensions

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jan_2020.pdf (1.763Mb)
Date
01/2021
Author
Dearle, Alan
Connor, Richard
Keywords
Similarity search
Metric space
Metric indexing
Metric search
Four-point property
QA75 Electronic computers. Computer science
3rd-DAS
BDC
R2C
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Abstract
We define BitPart (Bitwise representations of binary Partitions), a novel exact search mechanism intended for use in high-dimensional spaces. In outline, a fixed set of reference objects is used to define a large set of regions within the original space, and each data item is characterised according to its containment within these regions. In contrast with other mechanisms only a subset of this information is selected, according to the query, before a search within the re-cast space is performed. Partial data representations are accessed only if they are known to be potentially useful towards the calculation of the exact query solution. Our mechanism requires Ω(N log N ) space to evaluate a query, where N is the cardinality of the data, and therefore does not scale as well as previously defined mechanisms with low-dimensional data. However it has recently been shown that, for a nearest neighbour search in high dimensions, a sequential scan of the data is essentially unavoidable. This result has been suspected for a long time, and has been referred to as the curse of dimensionality in this context. In the light of this result, the compromise achieved by this work is to make the best possible use of the available fast memory, and to offer great potential for parallel query evaluation. To our knowledge, it gives the best compromise currently known for performing exact search over data whose dimensionality is too high to allow the useful application of metric indexing, yet is still sufficiently low to give at least some traction from the metric and supermetric properties.
Citation
Dearle , A & Connor , R 2021 , ' BitPart : exact metric search in high(er) dimensions ' , Information Systems , vol. 95 , 101493 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2020.101493
Publication
Information Systems
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2020.101493
ISSN
0306-4379
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This work has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies or with permission. Permission for further reuse of this content should be sought from the publisher or the rights holder. This is the author created accepted manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.is.2020.101493
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URL
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306437920300041
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/21368

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