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A retrospective cross-sectional study to determine chirality status of registered medicines in Tanzania

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Date
20/10/2020
Author
Mwamwitwa, Kissa W.
Kaibere, Raphael M.
Fimbo, Adam M.
Sabitii, Wilber
Ntinginya, Nyanda E.
Mmbaga, Blandina T.
Shewiyo, Danstan H.
Shearer, Morven C.
Smith, Andrew D.
Kaale, Eliangiringa A.
Keywords
RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
RM Therapeutics. Pharmacology
3rd-DAS
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
Metadata
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Abstract
Medicines with a stereogenic center (asymmetric carbon) are mainly present as racemates with a mixture of equal amounts of enantiomers. One enantiomer may be active while the other inactive, alternatively one may produce side-effects and even toxicity. However, there is lack of information on the chirality status (either racemates, single active enantiomer or achiral) of medicines circulated on the market particularly in African countries. We established the chirality status of registered medicines in Tanzania by conducting a retrospective cross-sectional study. Registration data for the past 15 years from 2003 to 2018 were extracted from TMDA-IMIS database to Microsoft excel for review and analysis. A total of 3,573 human medicines had valid registration. Out of which 2,150 (60%) were chiral and 1,423 (40%) achiral. Out of the chiral medicines, 1,591 (74%) and 559 (26%) were racemates and single active enantiomers, respectively. The proportion of racemates within chiral medicines was considerably higher than single enantiomer medicines. The use of racemates may cause harm to the public and may contribute to antimicrobial resistance due to potential existence of inactive and toxic enantiomers. In order to protect public health, regulatory bodies need to strengthen control of chiral medicines by conducting analysis of enantiomeric impurity.
Citation
Mwamwitwa , K W , Kaibere , R M , Fimbo , A M , Sabitii , W , Ntinginya , N E , Mmbaga , B T , Shewiyo , D H , Shearer , M C , Smith , A D & Kaale , E A 2020 , ' A retrospective cross-sectional study to determine chirality status of registered medicines in Tanzania ' , Scientific Reports , vol. 10 , no. 1 , 17834 . https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74932-x
Publication
Scientific Reports
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-74932-x
ISSN
2045-2322
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2020 the Author(s). Open Access. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Description
Funding: European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP) under Streamlining Health Research Ethics Review and Regulatory Framework in Tanzania (SMERT) project.
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/20806

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