St Andrews Research Repository

St Andrews University Home
View Item 
  •   St Andrews Research Repository
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • View Item
  •   St Andrews Research Repository
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • View Item
  •   St Andrews Research Repository
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • University of St Andrews Research
  • View Item
  • Login
JavaScript is disabled for your browser. Some features of this site may not work without it.

Implementing integrated measurements of essential biodiversity variables at a national scale

Thumbnail
View/Open
Bellingham_2020_ESC_Implementing_VoR_CCBY.pdf (2.136Mb)
Date
11/2020
Author
Bellingham, Peter J.
Richardson, Sarah J.
Gormley, Andrew M.
Allen, Robert B.
Cook, Asher
Crisp, Philippa N.
Forsyth, David M.
McGlone, Matt S.
McKay, Meredith
MacLeod, Catriona J.
van Dam-Bates, Paul
Wright, Elaine F.
Keywords
Biological invasions
Grid-based sampling
Non-native birds
State and trend monitoring
Systematic biodiversity assessment
GE Environmental Sciences
QH301 Biology
DAS
Metadata
Show full item record
Altmetrics Handle Statistics
Altmetrics DOI Statistics
Abstract
1. There is a global need for observation systems that deliver regular, timely data on state and trends in biodiversity, but few have been implemented, and fewer still at national scales. We describe the implementation of measurement of Essential Biodiversity Variables (EBVs) on an 8 km × 8 km grid throughout New Zealand, with multiple components of biodiversity (vegetation, birds, and some introduced mammals) measured simultaneously at each sample point. 2. Between 2011 and 2017, all public land was sampled nationally (ca. 1,350 points) and some private land (ca. 500 points). Synthetic appraisals of the state of New Zealand's biodiversity, not possible previously, can be derived from the first measurement of species distribution, population abundance, and taxonomic diversity EBVs. 3. Native bird counts (all species combined) were about 2.5 times greater per sample point in natural forests and shrublands than in non‐woody ecosystems, and native bird counts exceeded those of non‐native birds across all natural forests and shrublands. 4. Non‐native plants, birds, and mammals are invasive throughout, but high‐rainfall forested regions are least invaded, and historically deforested rain shadow regions are most invaded. 5. National reporting of terrestrial biodiversity across New Zealand's public land is established and becoming normalised, in the same manner as national and international reporting of human health and education statistics. The challenge is extending coverage across all private land. Repeated measurements of these EBVs, which began in 2017, will allow defensible estimates of biodiversity trends.
Citation
Bellingham , P J , Richardson , S J , Gormley , A M , Allen , R B , Cook , A , Crisp , P N , Forsyth , D M , McGlone , M S , McKay , M , MacLeod , C J , van Dam-Bates , P & Wright , E F 2020 , ' Implementing integrated measurements of essential biodiversity variables at a national scale ' , Ecological Solutions and Evidence , vol. 1 , no. 2 , e12025 . https://doi.org/10.1002/2688-8319.12025
Publication
Ecological Solutions and Evidence
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/2688-8319.12025
ISSN
2688-8319
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2020 The Authors. Ecological Solutions and Evidence published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of British Ecological Society. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Description
Funding: the Strategic Science Investment Funding for Crown Research Institutes from the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
Collections
  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/20758

Items in the St Andrews Research Repository are protected by copyright, with all rights reserved, unless otherwise indicated.

Advanced Search

Browse

All of RepositoryCommunities & CollectionsBy Issue DateNamesTitlesSubjectsClassificationTypeFunderThis CollectionBy Issue DateNamesTitlesSubjectsClassificationTypeFunder

My Account

Login

Open Access

To find out how you can benefit from open access to research, see our library web pages and Open Access blog. For open access help contact: openaccess@st-andrews.ac.uk.

Accessibility

Read our Accessibility statement.

How to submit research papers

The full text of research papers can be submitted to the repository via Pure, the University's research information system. For help see our guide: How to deposit in Pure.

Electronic thesis deposit

Help with deposit.

Repository help

For repository help contact: Digital-Repository@st-andrews.ac.uk.

Give Feedback

Cookie policy

This site may use cookies. Please see Terms and Conditions.

Usage statistics

COUNTER-compliant statistics on downloads from the repository are available from the IRUS-UK Service. Contact us for information.

© University of St Andrews Library

University of St Andrews is a charity registered in Scotland, No SC013532.

  • Facebook
  • Twitter