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Trial Forge Guidance 2 : how to decide if a further Study Within A Trial (SWAT) is needed

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Date
07/01/2020
Author
Treweek, Shaun
Bevan, Simon
Bower, Peter
Briel, Matthias
Campbell, Marion
Christie, Jacquie
Collett, Clive
Cotton, Seonaidh
Devane, Declan
El Feky, Adel
Galvin, Sandra
Gardner, Heidi
Gillies, Katie
Hood, Kerenza
Jansen, Jan
Littleford, Roberta
Parker, Adwoa
Ramsay, Craig
Restrup, Lynne
Sullivan, Frank
Torgerson, David
Tremain, Liz
von Elm, Erik
Westmore, Matthew
Williams, Hywel
Williamson, Paula R
Clarke, Mike
Keywords
RA Public aspects of medicine
T-NDAS
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Abstract
The evidence base available to trialists to support trial process decisions—e.g. how best to recruit and retain participants, how to collect data or how to share the results with participants—is thin. One way to fill gaps in evidence is to run Studies Within A Trial, or SWATs. These are self-contained research studies embedded within a host trial that aim to evaluate or explore alternative ways of delivering or organising a particular trial process. SWATs are increasingly being supported by funders and considered by trialists, especially in the UK and Ireland. At some point, increasing SWAT evidence will lead funders and trialists to ask: given the current body of evidence for a SWAT, do we need a further evaluation in another host trial? A framework for answering such a question is needed to avoid SWATs themselves contributing to research waste. This paper presents criteria on when enough evidence is available for SWATs that use randomised allocation to compare different interventions.
Citation
Treweek , S , Bevan , S , Bower , P , Briel , M , Campbell , M , Christie , J , Collett , C , Cotton , S , Devane , D , El Feky , A , Galvin , S , Gardner , H , Gillies , K , Hood , K , Jansen , J , Littleford , R , Parker , A , Ramsay , C , Restrup , L , Sullivan , F , Torgerson , D , Tremain , L , von Elm , E , Westmore , M , Williams , H , Williamson , P R & Clarke , M 2020 , ' Trial Forge Guidance 2 : how to decide if a further Study Within A Trial (SWAT) is needed ' , Trials , vol. 21 , 33 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-019-3980-5
Publication
Trials
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-019-3980-5
ISSN
1745-6215
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © The Author(s). 2020 Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.
Description
The work described here was discussed at and after a meeting held in Aberdeen on 23 March 2017, which was funded by the Medical Research Council (MRC) Network of Hubs for Trials Methodology Research (Grant Reference: MR/L004933/1– B2) and the Health Research Board – Trials Methodology Research Network (Ireland).
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/19302

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