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Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Blantyre, Malawi

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Date
10/2019
Author
Ndhlovu, Victor
Kiran, Anmol
Sloan, Derek
Mandala, Wilson
Kontogianni, Konstantina
Kamdolozi, Mercy
Caws, Maxine
Davies, Gerry
Keywords
Bioinformatics
Clinical genetics
Genetics
Infectious disease
Large sequence polymorphisms
Microbiology
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Region of difference
Single molecule real time sequencing
Single nucleotide polymorphism
QR Microbiology
QH426 Genetics
NDAS
Metadata
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Abstract
Despite the high burden of tuberculosis (TB) worldwide, specific factors influencing disease transmission remain elusive. Long term epidemiological studies and in vitro experimental models provide evidence of variable relative fitness of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) strains but few such studies are available. Large sequence polymorphisms (LSP) are a robust molecular marker and are feasible as an epidemiological investigative tool. Few Mtb molecular epidemiological studies have been reported in Malawi owing to lack of laboratories with molecular tools. We characterized the genetic diversity of Mtb clinical isolates amongst TB patients in Blantyre, Malawi. We genotyped 64 Mtb clinical isolates using LSP-PCR, assigned specific lineages and confirmed 18 of the isolates using SMRT sequencing. The 64 isolates clustered into 4 lineages (L1-L4) with L4 predominating. There were 10/64 (16%) isolates belonging to L1, 6/64 (9%) belonging to L2, 2/64 (3%) belonging to L3 and 46/64 (72%) belonging to L4. Comparison with a previous study done in Karonga revealed concordance in L1 and L4 but discodance in L2 and L3. The phylogenetic tree constructed, comprised of 3/4 lineages present in Blantyre with 3/18 belonging to L1, 3/18 belonging to L2 and 12/18 belonging to L4. Four Mtb lineages were present in Blantyre with L4 predominating. Larger studies are needed to understand the molecular epidemiology of TB in Blantyre in light of increased bi-directional migration with South Africa.
Citation
Ndhlovu , V , Kiran , A , Sloan , D , Mandala , W , Kontogianni , K , Kamdolozi , M , Caws , M & Davies , G 2019 , ' Genetic diversity of Mycobacterium tuberculosis clinical isolates in Blantyre, Malawi ' , Heliyon , vol. 5 , no. 10 , e02638 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02638
Publication
Heliyon
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02638
ISSN
2405-8440
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2019 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Description
This work was supported by The Helse Nord Tuberculosis Initiative (HNTI).
Collections
  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/18720

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