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dc.contributor.authorPirotta, Enrico
dc.contributor.authorMangel, Marc
dc.contributor.authorCosta, Daniel P.
dc.contributor.authorGoldbogen, Jeremy
dc.contributor.authorHarwood, John
dc.contributor.authorHin, Vincent
dc.contributor.authorIrvine, Ladd M.
dc.contributor.authorMate, Bruce R.
dc.contributor.authorMcHuron, Elizabeth A.
dc.contributor.authorPalacios, Daniel M.
dc.contributor.authorSchwarz, Lisa K.
dc.contributor.authorNew, Leslie
dc.date.accessioned2019-07-11T11:30:07Z
dc.date.available2019-07-11T11:30:07Z
dc.date.issued2019-09
dc.identifier259579933
dc.identifier2995e4b2-5e55-4e09-a35d-377b808eb4dc
dc.identifier85066053192
dc.identifier000483708700011
dc.identifier.citationPirotta , E , Mangel , M , Costa , D P , Goldbogen , J , Harwood , J , Hin , V , Irvine , L M , Mate , B R , McHuron , E A , Palacios , D M , Schwarz , L K & New , L 2019 , ' Anthropogenic disturbance in a changing environment : modelling lifetime reproductive success to predict the consequences of multiple stressors on a migratory population ' , Oikos , vol. 128 , no. 9 , pp. 1340-1357 . https://doi.org/10.1111/oik.06146en
dc.identifier.issn0030-1299
dc.identifier.otherRIS: urn:46506486E162F083534E64DB9595FAB4
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/18081
dc.descriptionThis study was supported by Office of Naval Research grant N00014‐16‐1‐2858: ‘PCoD+: Developing widely‐applicable models of the population consequences of disturbance’. DPC, MM, EAM and LKS were supported by the E&P Sound and Marine Life Joint Industry Project of the International Association of Oil and Gas Producers. JAG was supported by funding from the Young Investigator Program at the Office of Naval Research (award no. N00014‐16‐1‐2477). VH was funded by European Research Council Grant No. 322814 awarded to A.M. de Roos.en
dc.description.abstractAnimals make behavioural and reproductive decisions that maximise their lifetime reproductive success, and thus their fitness, in light of periodic and stochastic variability of the environment. Modelling the variation of an individual's energy levels formalises this tradeoff and helps to quantify the population‐level consequences of stressors (e.g. disturbance from human activities and environmental change) that can affect behaviour or physiology. In this study, we develop a dynamic state variable model for the spatially explicit behaviour, physiology and reproduction of a female, long‐lived, migratory marine vertebrate. The model can be used to investigate the spatio‐temporal patterns of behaviour and reproduction that allow an individual to maximise its overall reproductive output. We parametrised the model for eastern North Pacific blue whales Balaenoptera musculus, and used it to predict the effects of changing environmental conditions and increasing human disturbance on the population's vital rates. In baseline conditions, the model output had high fidelity to observed energy dynamics, movement patterns and reproductive strategies. Simulated scenarios suggested that environmental changes could have severe consequences on the population's vital rates, but that individuals could tolerate high levels of anthropogenic disturbance. However, this ability depended on where, when and how often disturbance occurred. In scenarios with both environmental change and anthropogenic disturbance, synergistic interactions caused stronger effects than in isolation. In general, larger body size offered a buffer against stochasticity and disturbance, and, consequently, we predicted juveniles to be more susceptible to disturbance. We also predicted that females prioritise their own survival at the expense of the current reproductive attempt, presumably the result of their long lifespan. Our approach provides a general framework to make predictions of the cumulative and synergistic effects of human disturbance and climate change on migratory populations, which can inform effective management and conservation efforts.
dc.format.extent18
dc.format.extent3845675
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofOikosen
dc.subjectClimate changeen
dc.subjectDynamic state variable modellingen
dc.subjectMarine mammalsen
dc.subjectPopulation consequences of disturbanceen
dc.subjectSynergistic effectsen
dc.subjectVital ratesen
dc.subjectGE Environmental Sciencesen
dc.subjectQH301 Biologyen
dc.subjectNDASen
dc.subjectSDG 13 - Climate Actionen
dc.subjectSDG 14 - Life Below Wateren
dc.subject.lccGEen
dc.subject.lccQH301en
dc.titleAnthropogenic disturbance in a changing environment : modelling lifetime reproductive success to predict the consequences of multiple stressors on a migratory populationen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Biologyen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Instituteen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. St Andrews Sustainability Instituteen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Centre for Research into Ecological & Environmental Modellingen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1111/oik.06146
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden


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