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The feasibility and acceptability of two methods of snack portion control in United Kingdom (UK) preschool children : reduction and replacement

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Date
12/10/2018
Author
Reale, Sophie
Kearney, Colette
Hetherington, Marion
Croden, Fiona
Cecil, Joanne E.
Carstairs, Sharon A.
Rolls, Barbara
Caton, Samantha
Funder
BBSRC
Grant ID
BB/M027384/1
Keywords
Portion Size
Snack replacement
Snack reduction
Preschool children
Feasibility
Acceptability
RJ101 Child Health. Child health services
NDAS
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Abstract
Large portions of high energy dense (HED) snacks are offered to children from a young age and are pervasive in our food environment. This study aimed to explore the feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy of two strategies of snack portion control: reduction and replacement. Forty-six mother-child dyads aged 22–56 months (36.6 ± 9.5 m, 48% female) completed a three-week intervention. In week 1 (baseline) no changes were made to the child’s diet; week 2 (acclimation) children received a standardised selection of HED snacks, and in week 3 (intervention) participants were randomly assigned to snack replacement (n = 24) or snack reduction (n = 22). Snack replacement involved swapping HED snacks for fruits and vegetables, whilst snack reduction involved reducing the size of HED snacks by 50%. Food and energy intake were measured using a weighed food diary for four consecutive days. Snack replacement resulted in more positive changes to children’s diets; vegetable intake increased (p < 0.01), and total daily energy intake decreased when compared to snack reduction (p < 0.05). Mothers expressed a more favourable attitude to snack replacement, although snack reduction was also well received by mothers. Despite increased preliminary efficacy of snack replacement on dietary intake, both strategies were feasible and acceptable. The current pilot study provides the necessary information to inform the design of future interventions.
Citation
Reale , S , Kearney , C , Hetherington , M , Croden , F , Cecil , J E , Carstairs , S A , Rolls , B & Caton , S 2018 , ' The feasibility and acceptability of two methods of snack portion control in United Kingdom (UK) preschool children : reduction and replacement ' , Nutrients , vol. 10 , no. 10 , 1493 . https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101493
Publication
Nutrients
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu10101493
ISSN
2072-6643
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Description
This work was supported by the BBSRC, Diet and Nutrition Research Industry Club [grant numbers BB/M027384/1].
Collections
  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16251

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