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Experiments based on blue intensity for reconstructing North Pacific temperatures along the Gulf of Alaska

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Wilson_2017_CP_BlueIntensity_CC.pdf (4.932Mb)
Date
16/08/2017
Author
Wilson, Rob
D'Arrigo, Rosanne
Andreu-Hayles, Laia
Oelkers, Rose
Wiles, Greg
Anchukaitis, Kevin
Davi, Nicole
Keywords
GE Environmental Sciences
QE Geology
NDAS
Metadata
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Abstract
Ring-width (RW) records from the Gulf of Alaska (GOA) have yielded a valuable long-term perspective for North Pacific changes on decadal to longer timescales in prior studies but contain a broad winter to late summer seasonal climate response. Similar to the highly climate-sensitive maximum latewood density (MXD) proxy, the blue intensity (BI) parameter has recently been shown to correlate well with year-to-year warm-season temperatures for a number of sites at northern latitudes. Since BI records are much less labour intensive and expensive to generate than MXD, such data hold great potential value for future tree-ring studies in the GOA and other regions in mid- to high latitudes. Here we explore the potential for improving tree-ring-based reconstructions using combinations of RW- and BI-related parameters (latewood BI and delta BI) from an experimental subset of samples at eight mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana) sites along the GOA. This is the first study for the hemlock genus using BI data. We find that using either inverted latewood BI (LWBinv) or delta BI (DB) can improve the amount of explained temperature variance by > 10 % compared to RW alone, although the optimal target season shrinks to June–September, which may have implications for studying ocean–atmosphere variability in the region. One challenge in building these BI records is that resin extraction did not remove colour differences between the heartwood and sapwood; thus, long term trend biases, expressed as relatively warm temperatures in the 18th century, were noted when using the LWBinv data. Using DB appeared to overcome these trend biases, resulting in a reconstruction expressing 18th–19th century temperatures ca. 0.5 °C cooler than the 20th–21st centuries. This cool period agrees well with previous dendroclimatic studies and the glacial advance record in the region. Continuing BI measurement in the GOA region must focus on sampling and measuring more trees per site (> 20) and compiling more sites to overcome site-specific factors affecting climate response and using subfossil material to extend the record. Although LWBinv captures the inter-annual climate signal more strongly than DB, DB appears to better capture long-term secular trends that agree with other proxy archives in the region. Great care is needed, however, when implementing different detrending options and more experimentation is necessary to assess the utility of DB for different conifer species around the Northern Hemisphere.
Citation
Wilson , R , D'Arrigo , R , Andreu-Hayles , L , Oelkers , R , Wiles , G , Anchukaitis , K & Davi , N 2017 , ' Experiments based on blue intensity for reconstructing North Pacific temperatures along the Gulf of Alaska ' , Climate of the Past , vol. 13 , no. 8 , pp. 1007-1022 . https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1007-2017
Publication
Climate of the Past
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-13-1007-2017
ISSN
1814-9324
Type
Journal article
Rights
© Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Description
We gratefully acknowledge the National Science Foundation’s Paleoclimatic Perspectives on Climatic Change (P2C2) grant nos. AGS 1159430, AGS 1502186, AGS 1502150, and PLR 15-04134.
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/11544

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