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Extinction is imminent for Mexico’s endemic porpoise unless fishery bycatch is eliminated

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Date
12/10/2017
Author
Taylor, Barbara L.
Rojas-Bracho, Lorenzo
Moore, Jeffrey
Jaramillo-Legorreta, Armando
Ver Hoef, Jay M.
Cardenas-Hinojosa, Gustavo
Nieto-Garcia, Edwyna
Barlow, Jay
Gerrodette, Tim
Tregenza, Nicholas
Thomas, Len
Hammond, Philip S.
Keywords
Extinction
Illegal fishing
Line transect
Phocoena sinus
Totoaba macdonaldi
Vaquita abundance
Passive acoustic monitoring
C-POD
QH301 Biology
SH Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
DAS
BDC
R2C
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Abstract
The number of Mexico’s endemic porpoise, the vaquita (Phocoena sinus), is collapsing primarily due to bycatch in illegal gillnets set for totoaba (Totoaba macdonaldi), an endangered fish whose swim bladders are exported to China. Previous research estimated that vaquitas declined from about 567 to 245 individuals between 1997 and 2008. Acoustic monitoring between 2011 and 2015 showed a decline of 34%/year. Here, we combine visual line transect and passive acoustic data collected simultaneously in a robust spatial analysis to estimate that only 59 (95% Bayesian Credible Interval [CRI] 22 – 145) vaquita remained as of autumn 2015, a decrease since 1997 of 92% (95% CRI 80%-97%). Risk analysis suggests that if the current, temporary gillnet ban is maintained and effectively enforced, vaquitas could recover to 2008 population levels by 2050. Otherwise, the species is likely to be extinct within a decade.
Citation
Taylor , B L , Rojas-Bracho , L , Moore , J , Jaramillo-Legorreta , A , Ver Hoef , J M , Cardenas-Hinojosa , G , Nieto-Garcia , E , Barlow , J , Gerrodette , T , Tregenza , N , Thomas , L & Hammond , P S 2017 , ' Extinction is imminent for Mexico’s endemic porpoise unless fishery bycatch is eliminated ' , Conservation Letters , vol. 10 , no. 5 , pp. 588-595 . https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12331
Publication
Conservation Letters
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1111/conl.12331
ISSN
1755-263X
Type
Journal item
Rights
Copyright and Photocopying: © 2016 The Authors. Conservation Letters published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Description
Primary funding was by Secretaria del Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (Secretario R. Pacchiano). Mexican support was from SEMARNAT, CONABIO, CONANP, PROFEPA, SEMAR, and WWF-Mexico. US support from NOAA-Fisheries-SWFSC and The Marine Mammal Center.
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/9938

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