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dc.contributor.authorCuré, Charlotte
dc.contributor.authorIsojunno, Saana
dc.contributor.authorVisser, Fleur
dc.contributor.authorWensveen, Paul J.
dc.contributor.authorSivle, Lise D.
dc.contributor.authorKvadsheim, Petter H.
dc.contributor.authorLam, Frans-Peter A.
dc.contributor.authorMiller, Patrick
dc.date.accessioned2016-11-03T16:30:12Z
dc.date.available2016-11-03T16:30:12Z
dc.date.issued2016-10-06
dc.identifier.citationCuré , C , Isojunno , S , Visser , F , Wensveen , P J , Sivle , L D , Kvadsheim , P H , Lam , F-P A & Miller , P 2016 , ' Biological significance of sperm whale responses to sonar: comparison with anti-predator responses ' , Endangered Species Research , vol. 31 , pp. 89-102 . https://doi.org/10.3354/esr00748en
dc.identifier.issn1863-5407
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 247346327
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: f0ec50ec-e135-4f06-bb83-209eef5c209c
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 85053361278
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-2212-2135/work/37031851
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 000387130800008
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/9758
dc.descriptionResearch funding was provided by the US Office of Naval Research and the Ministries of Defence of Norway, the Netherlands and France as well as the UK Natural Environmental Research Council.en
dc.description.abstractA key issue when investigating effects of anthropogenic noise on cetacean behavior is to identify the biological significance of the responses. Predator presence can be considered a natural high-level disturbance stimulus to which prey animals have evolved adaptive response strategies to reduce their risk of predation by altering behavior away from fitness-enhancing activities such as foraging. By contrasting the type and magnitude (duration, severity, consistency) of behavioral responses to anthropogenic noise and playback of killer whale (KW) sounds that simulated predator presence, this study aimed to provide a relative index of the disturbance level as an indication of the biological significance of responses to the anthropogenic stimulus. Using multi-sensor tags as well as visual observations of surface behavior of adult male sperm whales, we assessed a comprehensive range of behavioral metrics that could reduce individuals’ fitness if altered for a biologically relevant duration. Combining previously published results and new analyses, we showed that the responses to 1-2 kHz upsweep naval sonar and to KW playback were very similar, including horizontal avoidance, interruption of foraging or resting activities and an increase in social sound production. However, only KW playbacks elicited grouping behaviors, indicating that this social response component was specific to predator detection. Animals responded to a lesser extent to 6-7 kHz upsweep naval sonar, indicating weaker disturbance effects. Our study demonstrates the benefit of using anti-predator responses as a reference of disturbance when evaluating the relative impacts of anthropogenic stimuli, which can be of particular interest in studies of threatened species such as sperm whales.
dc.format.extent14
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofEndangered Species Researchen
dc.rights© The Authors 2016. Open Access under Creative Commons by Attribution Licence. Use, distribution and reproduction are unrestricted. Authors and original publication must be credited. Publisher: Inter-Research www.int-res.comen
dc.subjectSperm whalesen
dc.subjectBehavioral responsesen
dc.subjectNaval sonaren
dc.subjectAnti-predator responsesen
dc.subjectAnthropogenic disturbanceen
dc.subjectQH301 Biologyen
dc.subject.lccQH301en
dc.titleBiological significance of sperm whale responses to sonar: comparison with anti-predator responsesen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.description.versionPublisher PDFen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Biologyen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Uniten
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotlanden
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Instituteen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Institute of Behavioural and Neural Sciencesen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Centre for Social Learning & Cognitive Evolutionen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Bioacoustics groupen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Centre for Research into Ecological & Environmental Modellingen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3354/esr00748
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden


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