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dc.contributor.authorKulyk, Olena
dc.contributor.authorIbbotson, Sally
dc.contributor.authorMoseley, Harry
dc.contributor.authorValentine, Ronan
dc.contributor.authorSamuel, Ifor David William
dc.date.accessioned2016-10-20T23:33:31Z
dc.date.available2016-10-20T23:33:31Z
dc.date.issued2015-12
dc.identifier.citationKulyk , O , Ibbotson , S , Moseley , H , Valentine , R & Samuel , I D W 2015 , ' Development of a handheld fluorescence imaging device to investigate the characteristics of protoporphyrin IX fluorescence in healthy and diseased skin ' , Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy , vol. 12 , no. 4 , pp. 630-639 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.10.002en
dc.identifier.issn1572-1000
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 225042481
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 2a6246be-52cb-479f-a2a5-4a974c9d30fb
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 84955125456
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 000366876000012
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/9685
dc.descriptionFunding: EPSRC EP/J01771X, Royal Society Wolfson Research Merit Awarden
dc.description.abstractBackground Topical Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an effective treatment for superficial non-melanoma skin cancers (NMSC) and dysplasia. During PDT light activates the photosensitiser (PpIX), metabolised from a topical pro-drug. A combination of PpIX, light and molecular oxygen results in inflammation and cell death. However, the outcomes of the treatment could be better. Insufficient biosynthesis of PpIX may be one of the causes of incomplete response or recurrence. Measuring surface fluorescence is usually employed as a means of studying PpIX formation. The aim of this work was to develop a device and a method for convenient fluorescence imaging in clinical settings to gather information on PpIX metabolism in healthy skin and NMSC with a view to improving PDT regimes. Methods A handheld fluorescence camera and a time course imaging method was developed and used in healthy volunteers and patients diagnosed with basal cell carcinoma (BCC) and actinic keratosis (AK). The photosensitiser (precursor) creams used were 5-aminolaevulinic acid (ALA; Ameluz®) and methyl aminolevulinate (MAL; Metvix®). Pain was assessed using a visual analogue score immediately after the PDT. Results Fluorescence due to PpIX increases over three hours incubation in healthy skin and in lesional BCC and AK. Distribution of PpIX fluorescence varies between the lesion types and between subjects. There was no significant correlation between PpIX fluorescence characteristics and pro-drug, diagnosis or pain experienced. However, there was a clear dependence on body site. Conclusion The device and the method developed can be used to assess the characteristics of PpIX fluorescence, quantitative analysis and time course. Our findings show that body site influences PpIX fluorescence which we suggest may be due to the difference in skin temperature at different body sites.
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofPhotodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapyen
dc.rightsCopyright © 2015 Published by Elsevier B.V. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created, accepted version manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.10.002en
dc.subjectPDTen
dc.subjectFluorescenceen
dc.subjectProtoporphyrin IXen
dc.subjectTime course imagingen
dc.subjectHandheld cameraen
dc.subjectQD Chemistryen
dc.subjectRM Therapeutics. Pharmacologyen
dc.subjectNDASen
dc.subjectSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingen
dc.subject.lccQDen
dc.subject.lccRMen
dc.titleDevelopment of a handheld fluorescence imaging device to investigate the characteristics of protoporphyrin IX fluorescence in healthy and diseased skinen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.sponsorEPSRCen
dc.description.versionPostprinten
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomyen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Condensed Matter Physicsen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2015.10.002
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.date.embargoedUntil2016-12-01
dc.identifier.grantnumberEP/J01771X/1en


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