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A 1.9 Earth radius rocky planet and the discovery of a non-transiting planet in the Kepler-20 system
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dc.contributor.author | Buchhave, Lars A. | |
dc.contributor.author | Dressing, Courtney D. | |
dc.contributor.author | Dumusque, Xavier | |
dc.contributor.author | Rice, Ken | |
dc.contributor.author | Vanderburg, Andrew | |
dc.contributor.author | Mortier, Annelies | |
dc.contributor.author | Lopez-Morales, Mercedes | |
dc.contributor.author | Lopez, Eric | |
dc.contributor.author | Lundkvist, Mia S. | |
dc.contributor.author | Kjeldsen, Hans | |
dc.contributor.author | Affer, Laura | |
dc.contributor.author | Bonomo, Aldo S. | |
dc.contributor.author | Charbonneau, David | |
dc.contributor.author | Cameron, Andrew Collier | |
dc.contributor.author | Cosentino, Rosario | |
dc.contributor.author | Figueira, Pedro | |
dc.contributor.author | Fiorenzano, Aldo F. M. | |
dc.contributor.author | Harutyunyan, Avet | |
dc.contributor.author | Haywood, Raphaëlle D. | |
dc.contributor.author | Johnson, John Asher | |
dc.contributor.author | Latham, David W. | |
dc.contributor.author | Lovis, Christophe | |
dc.contributor.author | Malavolta, Luca | |
dc.contributor.author | Mayor, Michel | |
dc.contributor.author | Micela, Giusi | |
dc.contributor.author | Molinari, Emilio | |
dc.contributor.author | Motalebi, Fatemeh | |
dc.contributor.author | Nascimbeni, Valerio | |
dc.contributor.author | Pepe, Francesco | |
dc.contributor.author | Phillips, David F. | |
dc.contributor.author | Piotto, Giampaolo | |
dc.contributor.author | Pollacco, Don | |
dc.contributor.author | Queloz, Didier | |
dc.contributor.author | Sasselov, Dimitar | |
dc.contributor.author | Ségransan, Damien | |
dc.contributor.author | Sozzetti, Alessandro | |
dc.contributor.author | Udry, Stéphane | |
dc.contributor.author | Watson, Chris | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2016-09-06T15:31:53Z | |
dc.date.available | 2016-09-06T15:31:53Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2016-11-11 | |
dc.identifier | 245405107 | |
dc.identifier | 1efb7f6c-d4ab-4975-9178-f2e529dee9d2 | |
dc.identifier | 85009100612 | |
dc.identifier | 000388626700001 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Buchhave , L A , Dressing , C D , Dumusque , X , Rice , K , Vanderburg , A , Mortier , A , Lopez-Morales , M , Lopez , E , Lundkvist , M S , Kjeldsen , H , Affer , L , Bonomo , A S , Charbonneau , D , Cameron , A C , Cosentino , R , Figueira , P , Fiorenzano , A F M , Harutyunyan , A , Haywood , R D , Johnson , J A , Latham , D W , Lovis , C , Malavolta , L , Mayor , M , Micela , G , Molinari , E , Motalebi , F , Nascimbeni , V , Pepe , F , Phillips , D F , Piotto , G , Pollacco , D , Queloz , D , Sasselov , D , Ségransan , D , Sozzetti , A , Udry , S & Watson , C 2016 , ' A 1.9 Earth radius rocky planet and the discovery of a non-transiting planet in the Kepler-20 system ' , Astronomical Journal , vol. 152 , no. 6 , 160 . https://doi.org/10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/160 | en |
dc.identifier.issn | 0004-6256 | |
dc.identifier.other | ArXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/1608.06836v1 | |
dc.identifier.other | ORCID: /0000-0002-8863-7828/work/58531352 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10023/9449 | |
dc.description.abstract | Kepler-20 is a solar-type star (V = 12.5) hosting a compact system of five transiting planets, all packed within the orbital distance of Mercury in our own Solar System. A transition from rocky to gaseous planets with a planetary transition radius of ∼ 1.6 R⊕ has recently been proposed by several publications in the literature (Rogers 2015; Weiss& Marcy 2014). Kepler-20b (Rp ∼ 1.9 R⊕) has a size beyond this transition radius, however previous mass measurements were not sufficiently precise to allow definite conclusions to be drawn regarding its composition. We present new mass measurements of Kepler-20 three of the planets in the Kepler-20 system facilitated by 104 radial velocity measurements from the HARPS-N spectrograph and 30 archival Keck/HIRES observations, as well as an updated photometric analysis of the Kepler data and an asteroseismic analysis of the host star (M* = 0.948 ± 0.051 M☉ and R* = 0.964 ± 0.018 R☉).Kepler-20b is a 1.868+0.066 −0.034 R⊕ planet in a 3.7 day period with amass of 9.70+1.41 −1.44 M⊕ resulting in a mean density of 8.2 +1.5 −1.3 g cm−3 indicating a rocky composition with an iron to silicate ratio consistent with that of the Earth. This makes Kepler-20b the most massive planet with a rocky composition found to date. Furthermore, we report the discovery of an additional non-transiting planet with a minimum mass of 19.96+3.08 −3.61 M⊕ and an orbital period of ∼ 34 days in the gap between Kepler-20f (P ∼ 11 days) and Kepler-20d (P ∼78 days). | |
dc.format.extent | 12 | |
dc.format.extent | 1988701 | |
dc.language.iso | eng | |
dc.relation.ispartof | Astronomical Journal | en |
dc.subject | Planetary systems | en |
dc.subject | Planets and satellites: composition | en |
dc.subject | Stars: individual (Kepler-20 = KOI-70, KIC 6850504) | en |
dc.subject | Techniques: radial velocities | en |
dc.subject | QB Astronomy | en |
dc.subject | QC Physics | en |
dc.subject | NDAS | en |
dc.subject.lcc | QB | en |
dc.subject.lcc | QC | en |
dc.title | A 1.9 Earth radius rocky planet and the discovery of a non-transiting planet in the Kepler-20 system | en |
dc.type | Journal article | en |
dc.contributor.sponsor | European Commission | en |
dc.contributor.sponsor | Science & Technology Facilities Council | en |
dc.contributor.sponsor | Science & Technology Facilities Council | en |
dc.contributor.sponsor | PPARC - Now STFC | en |
dc.contributor.sponsor | Science & Technology Facilities Council | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. St Andrews Centre for Exoplanet Science | en |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.3847/0004-6256/152/6/160 | |
dc.description.status | Peer reviewed | en |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | en | |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | ST/M001296/1 | en |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | ST/I000666/1 | en |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | PP/D000890/1 | en |
dc.identifier.grantnumber | ST/G001006/1 | en |
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