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dc.contributor.authorCzajkowski, M.
dc.contributor.authorAhtiainen, H.
dc.contributor.authorArtell, J.
dc.contributor.authorBudziński, W.
dc.contributor.authorHasler, B.
dc.contributor.authorHasselström, L.
dc.contributor.authorMeyerhoff, J.
dc.contributor.authorNõmmann, T.
dc.contributor.authorSemeniene, D.
dc.contributor.authorSöderqvist, T.
dc.contributor.authorTuhkanen, H.
dc.contributor.authorLankia, T.
dc.contributor.authorVanags, A.
dc.contributor.authorZandersen, M.
dc.contributor.authorZylicz, T.
dc.contributor.authorHanley, Nicholas David
dc.date.accessioned2016-04-03T23:01:12Z
dc.date.available2016-04-03T23:01:12Z
dc.date.issued2015-06-01
dc.identifier181535208
dc.identifier58d46093-1cf5-4b14-b197-40571c81bd47
dc.identifier84926178297
dc.identifier000355036700023
dc.identifier.citationCzajkowski , M , Ahtiainen , H , Artell , J , Budziński , W , Hasler , B , Hasselström , L , Meyerhoff , J , Nõmmann , T , Semeniene , D , Söderqvist , T , Tuhkanen , H , Lankia , T , Vanags , A , Zandersen , M , Zylicz , T & Hanley , N D 2015 , ' Valuing the commons : an international study on the recreational benefits of the Baltic Sea ' , Journal of Environmental Management , vol. 156 , pp. 209-217 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.03.038en
dc.identifier.issn0301-4797
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/8548
dc.description.abstractThe Baltic Sea provides benefits to all of the nine nations along its coastline, with some 85 million people living within the catchment area. Achieving improvements in water quality requires international cooperation. The likelihood of effective cooperation is known to depend on the distribution across countries of the benefits and costs of actions needed to improve water quality. In this paper, we estimate the benefits associated with recreational use of the Baltic Sea in current environmental conditions using a travel cost approach, based on data from a large, standardized survey of households in each of the 9 Baltic Sea states. Both the probability of engaging in recreation (participation) and the number of visits people make are modeled. A large variation in the number of trips and the extent of participation is found, along with large differences in current annual economic benefits from Baltic Sea recreation. The total annual recreation benefits are close to 15 billion EUR. Under a water quality improvement scenario, the proportional increases in benefits range from 7 to 18% of the current annual benefits across countries. Depending on how the costs of actions are distributed, this could imply difficulties in achieving more international cooperation to achieve such improvements.
dc.format.extent9
dc.format.extent1333003
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Environmental Managementen
dc.subjectRecreational valueen
dc.subjectThe Baltic Seaen
dc.subjectTravel cost methoden
dc.subjectInternational public gooden
dc.subjectGV Recreation Leisureen
dc.subjectDASen
dc.subject.lccGVen
dc.titleValuing the commons : an international study on the recreational benefits of the Baltic Seaen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Geography & Sustainable Developmenten
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.03.038
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.date.embargoedUntil2016-04-04
dc.identifier.urlhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479715001759#appd001en


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