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dc.contributor.authorWarne, Ben
dc.contributor.authorHarkins, Catriona P
dc.contributor.authorHarris, Simon R
dc.contributor.authorVatsiou, Alexandra
dc.contributor.authorStanley-Wall, Nicola
dc.contributor.authorParkhill, Julian
dc.contributor.authorPeacock, Sharon J
dc.contributor.authorPalmer, Tracy
dc.contributor.authorHolden, Matthew T G
dc.date.accessioned2016-03-22T10:30:05Z
dc.date.available2016-03-22T10:30:05Z
dc.date.issued2016-03-13
dc.identifier.citationWarne , B , Harkins , C P , Harris , S R , Vatsiou , A , Stanley-Wall , N , Parkhill , J , Peacock , S J , Palmer , T & Holden , M T G 2016 , ' The Ess/Type VII secretion system of Staphylococcus aureus shows unexpected genetic diversity ' , BMC Genomics , vol. 17 , no. 1 , pp. 222 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-016-2426-7en
dc.identifier.issn1471-2164
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 241562216
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 43190b50-39c0-4ae9-8eb4-85f214bce4fc
dc.identifier.otherPubMed: 26969225
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 84960370496
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-4958-2166/work/60196407
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 000371778500004
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/8456
dc.descriptionWe thank the core sequencing and informatics teams at the Sanger Institute for their assistance and The Wellcome Trust for its support of the Sanger Institute Pathogen Genomics and Biology groups. SRH, JP and MTGH were supported by Wellcome Trust grant 098051. Bioinformatics and Computational Biology analyses were supported by the University of St Andrews Bioinformatics Unit that is funded by a Wellcome Trust ISSF award (grant 105621/Z/14/Z). SP is funded by the UKCRC Translational Infection Research Initiative, and the NIHR Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre. CPH is supported by the Wellcome Trust (grant number 104241/z/14/z) TP is a Royal Society/Wolfson Merit Award Holder.en
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Type VII protein secretion (T7SS) is a specialised system for excreting extracellular proteins across bacterial cell membranes and has been associated with virulence in Staphylococcus aureus. The genetic diversity of the ess locus, which encodes the T7SS, and the functions of proteins encoded within it are poorly understood. RESULTS: We used whole genome sequence data from 153 isolates representative of the diversity of the species to investigate the genetic variability of T7SS across S. aureus. The ess loci were found to comprise of four distinct modules based on gene content and relative conservation. Modules 1 and 4, comprising of the 5' and 3' modules of the ess locus, contained the most conserved clusters of genes across the species. Module 1 contained genes encoding the secreted protein EsxA, and the EsaAB and EssAB components of the T7SS machinery, and Module 4 contained two functionally uncharacterized conserved membrane proteins. Across the species four variants of Module 2 were identified containing the essC gene, each of which was associated with a specific group of downstream genes. The most diverse module of the ess locus was Module 3 comprising a highly variable arrangement of hypothetical proteins. RNA-Seq was performed on representatives of the four Module 2 variants and demonstrated strain-specific differences in the levels of transcription in the conserved Module 1 components and transcriptional linkage Module 2, and provided evidence of the expression of genes the variable regions of the ess loci. CONCLUSIONS: The ess locus of S. aureus exhibits modularity and organisational variation across the species and transcriptional variation. In silico analysis of ess loci encoded hypothetical proteins identified potential novel secreted substrates for the T7SS. The considerable variety in operon arrangement between otherwise closely related isolates provides strong evidence for recombination at this locus. Comparison of these recombination regions with each other, and with the genomes of other Staphylococcal species, failed to identify evidence of intra- and inter-species recombination, however the analysis identified a novel T7SS in another pathogenic staphylococci, Staphylococcus lugdunensis.
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofBMC Genomicsen
dc.rights© Warne et al. 2016 This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://​creativecommons.​org/​licenses/​by/​4.​0/​), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://​creativecommons.​org/​publicdomain/​zero/​1.​0/​) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.en
dc.subjectStaphylococcus aureusen
dc.subjectSecretionen
dc.subjectType VIIen
dc.subjectQH426 Geneticsen
dc.subjectNDASen
dc.subject.lccQH426en
dc.titleThe Ess/Type VII secretion system of Staphylococcus aureus shows unexpected genetic diversityen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.sponsorThe Wellcome Trusten
dc.description.versionPublisher PDFen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Medicineen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Infection Groupen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Biomedical Sciences Research Complexen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s12864-016-2426-7
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.identifier.grantnumber105621/Z/14/Zen


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