Post-synthesis incorporation of Al into germanosilicate ITH zeolites : the influence of treatment conditions on the acidic properties and catalytic behavior in tetrahydropyranylation
Abstract
Post-synthesis alumination of germanosilicate medium-pore ITH zeolites was shown to be an effective procedure for tuning their acidity. Treatment of ITH zeolites synthesized with different chemical compositions (i.e. Si/Ge = 2.5, 4.4 and 5.8) with aqueous Al(NO3)3 solution led to the formation of strong Brønsted and Lewis acid sites and an increasing fraction of ultramicro- and meso-pores in Ge-rich ITH samples (Si/Ge = 2.5 and 4.4). The concentration of Al incorporated into the framework increases with decreasing Si/Ge ratio of the parent ITH. The increasing temperature of alumination from 80 to 175 °C (HT conditions) resulted in (1) a 1.5-2-fold increase in the concentration of Brønsted acid sites formed and (2) a decreasing fraction of framework Al atoms detectable with base probe molecules (i.e. pyridine, 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine), i.e. an increased concentration of the "inner" acid sites. The activity of prepared Al-substituted ITH zeolites in tetrahydropyranylation of alcohols is enhanced with increasing amount of accessible acid sites in bulky crystals (e.g. alumination at lower temperature) or with increasing total concentration of acid centres within tiny ITH crystals (e.g. alumination under HT conditions). This trend became more prominent with increasing kinetic diameter of the substrate molecules under investigation (methanol <1-propanol <1-hexanol).
Citation
Shamzhy , M V , Opanasenko , M V , Ramos , F S D O , Brabec , L , Horáček , M , Navarro-Rojas , M , Morris , R E , Pastore , H D O & Čejka , J 2015 , ' Post-synthesis incorporation of Al into germanosilicate ITH zeolites : the influence of treatment conditions on the acidic properties and catalytic behavior in tetrahydropyranylation ' , Catalysis Science & Technology , vol. 5 , no. 5 , pp. 2973-2984 . https://doi.org/10.1039/c4cy01594k
Publication
Catalysis Science & Technology
Status
Peer reviewed
ISSN
2044-4753Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright 2015 the Authors. This work is made available online in accordance with the publisher’s policies. This is the author created, accepted version manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at: https://dx.doi.org/10.1039/C4CY01594K
Description
M. S. thanks the Czech Science Foundation for support through the project 14-30898P. M. O. acknowledges the Czech Science Foundation for the project 13-17593P. R. E. M. thanks the EPSRC for funding (EP/K025112/1 and EP/L014475/1).Collections
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