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Massive Dirac fermion observed in lanthanide-doped topological insulator thin films

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Date
27/10/2015
Author
Harrison, S. E.
Collins-McIntyre, Liam James
Schönherr, P.
Vailionis, A.
Srot, V.
Van Aken, P. A.
Kellock, A. J.
Pushp, A.
Parkin, S. S P
Harris, J. S.
Zhou, B.
Chen, Y. L.
Hesjedal, T.
Keywords
QC Physics
NDAS
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Abstract
The breaking of time reversal symmetry (TRS) in three-dimensional (3D) topological insulators (TIs), and thus the opening of a 'Dirac-mass gap' in the linearly dispersed Dirac surface state, is a prerequisite for unlocking exotic physical states. Introducing ferromagnetic long-range order by transition metal doping has been shown to break TRS. Here, we present the study of lanthanide (Ln) doped Bi2Te3, where the magnetic doping with high-moment lanthanides promises large energy gaps. Using molecular beam epitaxy, single-crystalline, rhombohedral thin films with Ln concentrations of up to ∼35%, substituting on Bi sites, were achieved for Dy, Gd, and Ho doping. Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy shows the characteristic Dirac cone for Gd and Ho doping. In contrast, for Dy doping above a critical doping concentration, a gap opening is observed via the decreased spectral intensity at the Dirac point, indicating a topological quantum phase transition persisting up to room-temperature.
Citation
Harrison , S E , Collins-McIntyre , L J , Schönherr , P , Vailionis , A , Srot , V , Van Aken , P A , Kellock , A J , Pushp , A , Parkin , S S P , Harris , J S , Zhou , B , Chen , Y L & Hesjedal , T 2015 , ' Massive Dirac fermion observed in lanthanide-doped topological insulator thin films ' , Scientific Reports , vol. 5 , 15767 . https://doi.org/10.1038/srep15767
Publication
Scientific Reports
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1038/srep15767
ISSN
2045-2322
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright 2015 the Authors. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in the credit line; if the material is not included under the Creative Commons license, users will need to obtain permission from the license holder to reproduce the material. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Description
This publication arises from research funded by the John Fell Oxford University Press (OUP) Research Fund, a DARPA MESO Project (No. N66001-11-1-4105), and funding from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme under Grant Agreement 312483 – ESTEEM2 (Integrated Infrastructure Initiative I3) and transnational access to MPI-IS (WP13). Part of this work was performed at the Stanford Nano Shared Facilities (SNSF). S.E.H. was supported by the VPGE (Stanford University), L.C.M. by EPSRC (UK), and P.S. acknowledges partial funding from EPSRC, Corpus Christi College (Oxford), and the Studienstiftung des deutschen Volkes (Germany).
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/8039

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