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Humpback whale song on the southern ocean feeding grounds : implications for cultural transmission

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Date
20/11/2013
Author
Garland, Ellen C.
Gedamke, Jason
Rekdahl, Melinda L.
Noad, Michael J.
Garrigue, Claire
Gales, Nick
Keywords
Eastern North Pacific
Megaptera-novaeangliae
Population-structure
Acoustic detections
Wintering grounds
Atlantic-ocean
Zealand waters
New-Caledonia
Basic scale
Migration
QH301 Biology
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Abstract
Male humpback whales produce a long, complex, and stereotyped song on low-latitude breeding grounds; they also sing while migrating to and from these locations, and occasionally in high-latitude summer feeding areas. All males in a population sing the current version of the constantly evolving display and, within an ocean basin, populations sing similar songs; however, this sharing can be complex. In the western and central South Pacific region there is repeated cultural transmission of song types from eastern Australia to other populations eastward. Song sharing is hypothesized to occur through several possible mechanisms. Here, we present the first example of feeding ground song from the Southern Ocean Antarctic Area V and compare it to song from the two closest breeding populations. The early 2010 song contained at least four distinct themes; these matched four themes from the eastern Australian 2009 song, and the same four themes from the New Caledonian 2010 song recorded later in the year. This provides evidence for at least one of the hypothesized mechanisms of song transmission between these two populations, singing while on shared summer feeding grounds. In addition, the feeding grounds may provide a point of acoustic contact to allow the rapid horizontal cultural transmission of song within the western and central South Pacific region and the wider Southern Ocean.
Citation
Garland , E C , Gedamke , J , Rekdahl , M L , Noad , M J , Garrigue , C & Gales , N 2013 , ' Humpback whale song on the southern ocean feeding grounds : implications for cultural transmission ' , PLoS One , vol. 8 , no. 11 , 79422 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079422
Publication
PLoS One
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0079422
ISSN
1932-6203
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright The Authors 2013. This is an open-access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.
Description
Date of Acceptance: 23/09/2013
Collections
  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/6222

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