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Focusing with planar microlenses made of two-dimensionally varying high contrast gratings

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Klemm_2014_OPEng_Focusing.pdf (3.650Mb)
Date
11/09/2014
Author
Klemm, A.B.
Stellinga, D.
Martins, E.R.
Lewis, L.
O'Faolain, L.
Krauss, T.F.
Keywords
Diffractive optics
Microlens
Flat optics
Photonic crystals
High index contrast
Numerical aperture
QC Physics
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Abstract
We report on the focusing performance of reflective two-dimensionally varying high contrast grating lenses based on silicon. The combination of their subwavelength nature and their high refractive index contrast makes it possible to create highly tolerant and planar microlenses. We used a rigorous mathematical code to design the lenses and verified their performance with finite element simulations. We also investigated the effects of grating thickness, angle, and wavelength of incidence in these simulations. Experimentally, we show the evolution of the beam profile along the optical axis for a lens with a high (0.37) numerical aperture. We have explored a wide range of numerical apertures (0.1-0.93) and show that the lenses behave as expected across the full range. Our analyses demonstrate the large design flexibility with which these lenses can be made along with ease of fabrication and potential for a number of applications in micro-optics.
Citation
Klemm , A B , Stellinga , D , Martins , E R , Lewis , L , O'Faolain , L & Krauss , T F 2014 , ' Focusing with planar microlenses made of two-dimensionally varying high contrast gratings ' , Optical Engineering , vol. 53 , no. 9 , 095104 . https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.53.9.095104
Publication
Optical Engineering
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1117/1.OE.53.9.095104
ISSN
0091-3286
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright 2014 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modification of the content of the paper are prohibited.
Description
The authors thank the European Union for the financial support through Marie Curie Action FP7-PEOPLE-2010-ITN Project No. 264687 “PROPHET”.
Collections
  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/5954

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