Male preponderance in early diagnosed type 2 diabetes is associated with the ARE insertion/deletion polymorphism in the PPP1R3A locus.
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Date
28/06/2003Author
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Abstract
Background: The ARE insertion/deletion polymorphism of PPP1R3A has been associated with variation in glycaemic parameters and prevalence of diabetes. We have investigated its role in age of diagnosis, body weight and glycaemic control in 1,950 individuals with type 2 diabetes in Tayside, Scotland, and compared the ARE2 allele frequencies with 1,014 local schoolchildren. Results: Men homozygous for the rarer allele (ARE2) were younger at diagnosis than ARE1homozygotes (p = 0.008). Conversely, women ARE2 homozygotes were diagnosed later than ARE1 homozygotes (p = 0.036). Thus, men possessing the rarer (ARE2) allele were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes earlier than women (p < 0.000001). In contrast, there was no difference in age of diagnosis by gender in those individuals carrying only the common ARE1 variant. Furthermore, although there was no difference in the frequency between the children and the type 2 diabetic population overall, marked differ ences in allele frequencies we re noted by gender and age-of diagnosis. The ARE2 allele frequency in early diagnosed males (diagnosed earlier than the first quartile of the overall ages at diagnosis) was higher than that found in both later diagnosed males and healthy children (p = 0.021 and p = 0.03 respectively). By contrast, the frequency in early diagnosed females was significantly lower than later diagnosed females and that found in children (p = 0.021 and p = 0.037). Comparison of the male to fe male ratios at different ages-diagnosed confirms a known phenomenon that men are much more prone to early type 2 diabetes than women. When this feature was examined by the common ARE 1/1 genotype we found that the male to female ratio remained at unity with all ages of diagnosis, however, carriers of the ARE2 variant displayed a marked preponderance of early male diagnosis (p = 0.003). Conclusion: The ARE2 allele of PPP1R3A is associated with a male preponderance to early diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Susceptibility to type 2 diabetes in later life is not modulated by the ARE2 allele in either sex.
Citation
Doney , AS , Fischer , B , Cecil , J E , Cohen , PT , Boyle , DI , Leese , G , Morris , AD & Palmer , CN 2003 , ' Male preponderance in early diagnosed type 2 diabetes is associated with the ARE insertion/deletion polymorphism in the PPP1R3A locus. ' , BMC Genetics , vol. 28 , no. 4 , 11 . https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2156-4-11
Publication
BMC Genetics
Status
Peer reviewed
ISSN
1471-2156Type
Journal article
Rights
© 2003 Doney et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article: verbatim copying and redistribution of this article are permitted in all media for any purpose, provided this notice is preserved along with the article's original URL.
Description
This work was funded by a grant from a local trust administered by Tenovus (Tayside) (CP and AM), the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council grant award number D13460 (CP and JC), and funds from the Medical Research Council, UK (PTWC).Collections
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