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dc.contributor.authorHolden, Matthew T. G.
dc.contributor.authorHauser, Heidi
dc.contributor.authorSanders, Mandy
dc.contributor.authorNgo, Thi Hoa
dc.contributor.authorCherevach, Inna
dc.contributor.authorCronin, Ann
dc.contributor.authorGoodhead, Ian
dc.contributor.authorMungall, Karen
dc.contributor.authorQuail, Michael A.
dc.contributor.authorPrice, Claire
dc.contributor.authorRabbinowitsch, Ester
dc.contributor.authorSharp, Sarah
dc.contributor.authorCroucher, Nicholas J.
dc.contributor.authorChieu, Tran Bich
dc.contributor.authorMai, Nguyen Thi Hoang
dc.contributor.authorDiep, To Song
dc.contributor.authorChinh, Nguyen Tran
dc.contributor.authorKehoe, Michael
dc.contributor.authorLeigh, James A.
dc.contributor.authorWard, Philip N.
dc.contributor.authorDowson, Christopher G.
dc.contributor.authorWhatmore, Adrian M.
dc.contributor.authorChanter, Neil
dc.contributor.authorIversen, Pernille
dc.contributor.authorGottschalk, Marcelo
dc.contributor.authorSlater, Josh D.
dc.contributor.authorSmith, Hilde E.
dc.contributor.authorSpratt, Brian G.
dc.contributor.authorXu, Jianguo
dc.contributor.authorYe, Changyun
dc.contributor.authorBentley, Stephen
dc.contributor.authorBarrell, Barclay G.
dc.contributor.authorSchultsz, Constance
dc.contributor.authorMaskell, Duncan J.
dc.contributor.authorParkhill, Julian
dc.date.accessioned2014-04-24T14:31:03Z
dc.date.available2014-04-24T14:31:03Z
dc.date.issued2009-07-15
dc.identifier.citationHolden , M T G , Hauser , H , Sanders , M , Ngo , T H , Cherevach , I , Cronin , A , Goodhead , I , Mungall , K , Quail , M A , Price , C , Rabbinowitsch , E , Sharp , S , Croucher , N J , Chieu , T B , Mai , N T H , Diep , T S , Chinh , N T , Kehoe , M , Leigh , J A , Ward , P N , Dowson , C G , Whatmore , A M , Chanter , N , Iversen , P , Gottschalk , M , Slater , J D , Smith , H E , Spratt , B G , Xu , J , Ye , C , Bentley , S , Barrell , B G , Schultsz , C , Maskell , D J & Parkhill , J 2009 , ' Rapid evolution of virulence and drug resistance in the emerging zoonotic pathogen streptococcus suis ' , PLoS One , vol. 4 , no. 7 , e6072 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006072en
dc.identifier.issn1932-6203
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 91766443
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: e0adc00c-386b-442c-b616-0c52eed972e8
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 000268035700001
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 67650658074
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-4958-2166/work/60196500
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/4598
dc.descriptionThis work was supported by the Wellcome Trust.en
dc.description.abstractBackground: Streptococcus suis is a zoonotic pathogen that infects pigs and can occasionally cause serious infections in humans. S. suis infections occur sporadically in human Europe and North America, but a recent major outbreak has been described in China with high levels of mortality. The mechanisms of S. suis pathogenesis in humans and pigs are poorly understood. Methodology/Principal Findings: The sequencing of whole genomes of S. suis isolates provides opportunities to investigate the genetic basis of infection. Here we describe whole genome sequences of three S. suis strains from the same lineage: one from European pigs, and two from human cases from China and Vietnam. Comparative genomic analysis was used to investigate the variability of these strains. S. suis is phylogenetically distinct from other Streptococcus species for which genome sequences are currently available. Accordingly, similar to 40% of the similar to 2 Mb genome is unique in comparison to other Streptococcus species. Finer genomic comparisons within the species showed a high level of sequence conservation; virtually all of the genome is common to the S. suis strains. The only exceptions are three similar to 90 kb regions, present in the two isolates from humans, composed of integrative conjugative elements and transposons. Carried in these regions are coding sequences associated with drug resistance. In addition, small-scale sequence variation has generated pseudogenes in putative virulence and colonization factors. Conclusions/Significance: The genomic inventories of genetically related S. suis strains, isolated from distinct hosts and diseases, exhibit high levels of conservation. However, the genomes provide evidence that horizontal gene transfer has contributed to the evolution of drug resistance.
dc.format.extent17
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofPLoS Oneen
dc.rights© 2009 Holden et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.en
dc.subjectRB Pathologyen
dc.subjectSDG 3 - Good Health and Well-beingen
dc.subject.lccRBen
dc.titleRapid evolution of virulence and drug resistance in the emerging zoonotic pathogen streptococcus suisen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.description.versionPublisher PDFen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Medicineen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Infection Groupen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Biomedical Sciences Research Complexen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0006072
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden


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