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Income and child mortality in developing countries : a systematic review and meta-analysis

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Date
07/2013
Author
O'Hare, Bernadette Ann-Marie
Makuta, Innocent
Chiwaula, Levison
Bar-Zeev, Naor
Keywords
National income
Infant mortality
Under-five mortality
Developing countries
Literature search
RA Public aspects of medicine
SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being
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Abstract
Objective: We aimed to quantify the relationship between national income and infant and under-five mortality in developing countries. Design: We conducted a systematic literature search of studies that examined the relationship between income and child mortality (infant and/or under-five mortality) and meta-analysed their results. Setting: Developing countries. Main outcome measures: Child mortality (infant and /or under-five mortality). Results: The systematic literature search identified 24 studies, which produced 38 estimates that examined the impact of income on the mortality rates. Using meta-analysis, we produced pooled estimates of the relationship between income and mortality. The pooled estimate of the relationship between income and infant mortality before adjusting for covariates is −0.95 (95% CI −1.34 to −0.57) and that for under-five mortality is −0.45 (95% CI −0.79 to −0.11). After adjusting for covariates, pooled estimate of the relationship between income and infant mortality is −0.33 (−0.39 to −0.26) while the estimate for under-five mortality is −0.28 (−0.37 to −0.19). If a country has an infant mortality of 50 per 1000 live births and the gross domestic product per capita purchasing power parity increases by 10%, the infant mortality will decrease to 45 per 1000 live births. Conclusion: Income is an important determinant of child survival and this work provides a pooled estimate for the relationship.
Citation
O'Hare , B A-M , Makuta , I , Chiwaula , L & Bar-Zeev , N 2013 , ' Income and child mortality in developing countries : a systematic review and meta-analysis ' , Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine , vol. 106 . https://doi.org/10.1177/0141076813489680
Publication
Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1177/0141076813489680
ISSN
0141-0768
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright 2013 Sage Publications. The published version of this article can be found at http://jrs.sagepub.com
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URL
http://jrs.sagepub.com/content/early/2013/06/26/0141076813489680.full
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4062

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