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Changes in dive behaviour during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales.
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dc.contributor.author | Sivle, Lise D | |
dc.contributor.author | Kvadsheim, Petter H | |
dc.contributor.author | Fahlman, Andreas | |
dc.contributor.author | Lam, Frans Peter | |
dc.contributor.author | Tyack, Peter Lloyd | |
dc.contributor.author | Miller, Patrick | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2013-07-19T21:31:04Z | |
dc.date.available | 2013-07-19T21:31:04Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2012-10-11 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Sivle , L D , Kvadsheim , P H , Fahlman , A , Lam , F P , Tyack , P L & Miller , P 2012 , ' Changes in dive behaviour during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales. ' , Frontiers in Physiology , vol. 3 , 400 . https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00400 | en |
dc.identifier.issn | 1664-042X | |
dc.identifier.other | PURE: 28445683 | |
dc.identifier.other | PURE UUID: 52e86047-21a8-4174-9422-fab2550559a5 | |
dc.identifier.other | Scopus: 84870874868 | |
dc.identifier.other | ORCID: /0000-0002-8409-4790/work/60887803 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10023/3851 | |
dc.description.abstract | Anthropogenic underwater sound in the environment might potentially affect the behavior of marine mammals enough to have an impact on their reproduction and survival. Diving behavior of four killer whales (Orcinus orca), seven long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas), and four sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) was studied during controlled exposures to naval sonar [low frequency active sonar (LFAS): 1–2 kHz and mid frequency active sonar (MFAS): 6–7 kHz] during three field seasons (2006–2009). Diving behavior was monitored before, during and after sonar exposure using an archival tag placed on the animal with suction cups. The tag recorded the animal's vertical movement, and additional data on horizontal movement and vocalizations were used to determine behavioral modes. Killer whales that were conducting deep dives at sonar onset changed abruptly to shallow diving (ShD) during LFAS, while killer whales conducting deep dives at the onset of MFAS did not alter dive mode. When in ShD mode at sonar onset, killer whales did not change their diving behavior. Pilot and sperm whales performed normal deep dives (NDD) during MFAS exposure. During LFAS exposures, long-finned pilot whales mostly performed fewer deep dives and some sperm whales performed shallower and shorter dives. Acoustic recording data presented previously indicates that deep diving (DD) is associated with feeding. Therefore, the observed changes in dive behavior of the three species could potentially reduce the foraging efficiency of the affected animals. | |
dc.language.iso | eng | |
dc.relation.ispartof | Frontiers in Physiology | en |
dc.rights | Copyright © 2012 Sivle, Kvadsheim, Fahlman, Lam, Tyack and Miller. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc. | en |
dc.subject | QL Zoology | en |
dc.subject | SDG 14 - Life Below Water | en |
dc.subject.lcc | QL | en |
dc.title | Changes in dive behaviour during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales. | en |
dc.type | Journal article | en |
dc.description.version | Publisher PDF | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. School of Biology | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Institute of Behavioural and Neural Sciences | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Centre for Social Learning & Cognitive Evolution | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotland | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Unit | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Sound Tags Group | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Bioacoustics group | en |
dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00400 | |
dc.description.status | Peer reviewed | en |
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