Mirrors of God : the Church and the problem of divine hiddenness

Abstract

This dissertation offers an ecclesiological response to J. L. Schellenberg’s problem of divine hiddenness by centering on the nature and role of the Church. The introduction states this aim and outlines the methods of this dissertation. Chapter one introduces the problem as formulated by Schellenberg and surveys responses to it. Chapter two argues that Schellenberg’s argument adopts problematic assumptions related to theological epistemology. In contrast, it analyzes Gregory of Nyssa’s theological epistemology of knowing God by participation. It concludes a primary way one knows God is in the Church. Chapter three focuses on the nature of the Church by depicting her as the body of Christ. Beginning with Gregory’s reflections on the body of Christ, the chapter argues that the Church is a mediator of divine revelation. The Problem of Discernment, however, makes discernment of Christ’s actions difficult. In response, the dissertation focuses on three roles of the Church: the Church Gathered Inclusive, Church Gathered Exclusive, and Church Scattered. Chapter four focuses on the Church Gathered Inclusive by describing how the liturgy leads to knowing God. Beginning with Gregory’s reflections on seeing God, the chapter argues that nonbelievers can experience Christ through the liturgy. Chapter five focuses on the Church Gathered Exclusive by describing how the sacraments lead one to know God. Beginning with Gregory’s reflections on baptism and eucharist, the chapter argues the sacraments are a participation in Christ. Chapter six focuses on the Church Scattered by highlighting individuals restored in Christ’s image. Beginning with Gregory’s reflections on the image, the chapter argues that individuals are mediators of divine revelation. The conclusion summarizes previous conclusions and articulates three points that cumulatively form the ecclesiological response to divine hiddenness. After responding to a final objection, it concludes the Church is a solution to the problem of divine hiddenness.