Synthesis and optical characterization of lead-free phenylenediammonium bismuth halide perovskites : a long charge carrier lifetime in phenylenediammonium bismuth iodide
Abstract
Toxicity and regulatory concerns over the use of (CH3NH3)PbI3 in photovoltaic devices have resulted in significant interest in lead-free, organic–inorganic metal halides with excellent light absorbing properties and stability. Here we report the synthesis of three new lead-free bismuth halides which accommodate the symmetric conjugated p-phenylenediammonium cation (PPD = (H3NC6H4NH3)2+) in the structures. These are (PPD)BiI5, (PPD)[BiBr4]2·2H2O and (PPD)2BiCl7·H2O. We also synthesized β-(PPD)2Bi2I10. The band gap of the iodide, β-(PPD)2Bi2I10 (1.83 eV) is lower than that of the bromide, (PPD)[BiBr4]2·2H2O (2.64 eV) and chloride, (PPD)2BiCl7·H2O (2.93 eV). Photophysical studies show that β-(PPD)2Bi2I10 has the longest average charge carrier lifetime (>1 μs) of the materials studied here, of the same order of magnitude as that of (CH3NH3)PbI3 and has a low band gap. This suggests that β-(PPD)2Bi2I10 may be a promising candidate for use in lead-free photovoltaic devices.
Citation
Siddique , Z , Payne , J L , Sajjad , M T , Mica , N , Cordes , D B , Slawin , A M Z , Samuel , I D W , Iqbal , A & Irvine , J T S 2023 , ' Synthesis and optical characterization of lead-free phenylenediammonium bismuth halide perovskites : a long charge carrier lifetime in phenylenediammonium bismuth iodide ' , Journal of Materials Chemistry C , vol. 11 , no. 1 , pp. 223-234 . https://doi.org/10.1039/d2tc02601e
Publication
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
Status
Peer reviewed
ISSN
2050-7526Type
Journal article
Description
Funding: ZS acknowledges Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan for indigenous PhD Fellowship Phase-II, Batch II, 2013, PIN 213-66018-2PS2-127 and International Research Support Initiative Programme (IRSIP). She also acknowledges a British council of Pakistan for Pakistan Scottish PhD Research Travel Grants for Women 2017–18. JLP thanks the University of St Andrews for funding and the Carnegie Trust for a Research Incentive Grant (RIG008653). We thank EPSRC for funding (EP/P007821/1).Collections
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