Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XIX. Spiral arms, a tail, and diffuse structures traced by CO around the GM Aur disk
Abstract
The concentric gaps and rings commonly observed in protoplanetary disks in millimeter continuum emission have lent the impression that planet formation generally proceeds within orderly, isolated systems. While deep observations of spatially resolved molecular emission have been comparatively limited, they are increasingly suggesting that some disks interact with their surroundings while planet formation is underway. We present an analysis of complex features identified around GM Aur in 12CO J = 2 - 1 images at a spatial resolution of ~40 au. In addition to a Keplerian disk extending to a radius of ~550 au, the CO emission traces flocculent spiral arms out to radii of ~1200 au, a tail extending ~1800 au southwest of GM Aur, and diffuse structures extending from the north side of the disk up to radii of ~1900 au. The diffuse structures coincide with a "dust ribbon" previously identified in scattered light. The large-scale asymmetric gas features present a striking contrast with the mostly axisymmetric, multi-ringed millimeter continuum tracing the pebble disk. We hypothesize that GM Aur's complex gas structures result from late infall of remnant envelope or cloud material onto the disk. The morphological similarities to the SU Aur and AB Aur systems, which are also located in the L1517 cloud, provide additional support to a scenario in which interactions with the environment are playing a role in regulating the distribution and transport of material in all three of these Class II disk systems. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
Citation
Huang , J , Bergin , E A , Öberg , K I , Andrews , S M , Teague , R , Law , C J , Kalas , P , Aikawa , Y , Bae , J , Bergner , J B , Booth , A S , Bosman , A D , Calahan , J K , Cataldi , G , Cleeves , L I , Czekala , I , Ilee , J D , Le Gal , R , Guzmán , V V , Long , F , Loomis , R A , Ménard , F , Nomura , H , Qi , C , Schwarz , K R , Tsukagoshi , T , van't Hoff , M L R , Walsh , C , Wilner , D J , Yamato , Y & Zhang , K 2021 , ' Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XIX. Spiral arms, a tail, and diffuse structures traced by CO around the GM Aur disk ' , Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series , vol. 257 , no. 1 , 19 . https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ac143e
Publication
Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Status
Peer reviewed
ISSN
0067-0049Type
Journal article
Description
Funding: I.C. was supported by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51405.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. C.W. acknowledges financial support from the University of Leeds, STFC, and UKRI (grant Nos. ST/R000549/1, ST/T000287/1, MR/T040726/1). J.D.I. acknowledges support from the STFC under ST/T000287/1.Collections
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