Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XIV. Revealing disk substructures in multiwavelength continuum emission
Abstract
Constraining dust properties of planet-forming disks via high-angular-resolution observations is fundamental to understanding how solids are trapped in substructures and how dust growth may be favored or accelerated therein. We use ALMA dust continuum observations of the Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS) disks and explore a large parameter space to constrain the radial distribution of solid mass and maximum grain size in each disk, including or excluding dust scattering. In the nonscattering model, the dust surface density and maximum grain size profiles decrease from the inner disks to the outer disks, with local maxima at the bright ring locations, as expected from dust trapping models. The inferred maximum grain sizes from the inner to outer disks decrease from 1 cm to 1 mm. For IM Lup, HD 163296, and MWC 480 in the scattering model, two solutions are compatible with their observed inner disk emission: one solution corresponding to a maximum grain size of a few millimeters (similar to the nonscattering model), and the other corresponding to a size of a few hundred micrometers. Based on the estimated Toomre parameter, only IM Lup-which shows a prominent spiral morphology in millimeter dust-is found to be gravitationally unstable. The estimated maximum Stokes number in all the disks lies between 0.01 and 0.3, and the estimated turbulence parameters in the rings of AS 209 and HD 163296 are close to the threshold where dust growth is limited by turbulent fragmentation. This paper is part of the MAPS special issue of the Astrophysical Journal Supplement.
Citation
Sierra , A , Pérez , L M , Zhang , K , Law , C J , Guzmán , V V , Qi , C , Bosman , A D , Öberg , K I , Andrews , S M , Long , F , Teague , R , Booth , A S , Walsh , C , Wilner , D J , Ménard , F , Cataldi , G , Czekala , I , Bae , J , Huang , J , Bergner , J B , Ilee , J D , Benisty , M , Le Gal , R , Loomis , R A , Tsukagoshi , T , Liu , Y , Yamato , Y & Aikawa , Y 2021 , ' Molecules with ALMA at Planet-forming Scales (MAPS). XIV. Revealing disk substructures in multiwavelength continuum emission ' , Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series , vol. 257 , no. 1 , 14 . https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ac1431
Publication
Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
Status
Peer reviewed
ISSN
0067-0049Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2021. The American Astronomical Society. All rights reserved. This work has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies or with permission. Permission for further reuse of this content should be sought from the publisher or the rights holder. This is the final published version of the work, which was originally published at https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ac1431.
Description
Funding: I.C. was supported by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51405.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. A.S.B acknowledges the studentship funded by the Science and Technology Facilities Council of the United Kingdom (STFC). C.W. acknowledges financial support from the University of Leeds, STFC and UKRI (grant Nos. ST/R000549/1, ST/T000287/1, MR/T040726/1).Collections
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