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Long-term exposure to air pollution and mortality in Scotland : a register-based individual-level longitudinal study
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dc.contributor.author | Abed Al Ahad, Mary | |
dc.contributor.author | Demsar, Urska | |
dc.contributor.author | Sullivan, Frank | |
dc.contributor.author | Kulu, Hill | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-10-13T10:31:34Z | |
dc.date.available | 2023-10-13T10:31:34Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2023-12-01 | |
dc.identifier | 294201304 | |
dc.identifier | 074a7934-f696-4aa2-9313-45b9d5b6efa8 | |
dc.identifier | 85173167772 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Abed Al Ahad , M , Demsar , U , Sullivan , F & Kulu , H 2023 , ' Long-term exposure to air pollution and mortality in Scotland : a register-based individual-level longitudinal study ' , Environmental Research , vol. 238 , no. 2 , 117223 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2023.117223 | en |
dc.identifier.issn | 0013-9351 | |
dc.identifier.other | ORCID: /0000-0001-7791-2807/work/144461214 | |
dc.identifier.other | ORCID: /0000-0001-8808-0719/work/144461785 | |
dc.identifier.other | ORCID: /0000-0002-6623-4964/work/144462178 | |
dc.identifier.other | ORCID: /0000-0002-9006-730X/work/144462206 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10023/28528 | |
dc.description | Funding: This study is funded by the St Leonard’s interdisciplinary PhD scholarship, School of Geography and Sustainable Development, and School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, Scotland, UK. | en |
dc.description.abstract | Background Air pollution is associated with several adverse health outcomes. However, heterogeneity in the size of effect estimates between cohort studies for long-term exposures exist and pollutants like SO2 and mental/behavioural health outcomes are little studied. This study examines the association between long-term exposure to multiple ambient air pollutants and all-cause and cause-specific mortality from both physical and mental illnesses. Methods We used individual-level administrative data from the Scottish-Longitudinal-Study (SLS) on 202,237 individuals aged 17 and older, followed between 2002 and 2017. The SLS dataset was linked to annual concentrations of NO2, SO2, and particulate-matter (PM10, PM2.5) pollution at 1 km2 spatial resolution using the individuals’ residential postcode. We applied survival analysis to assess the association between air pollution and all-cause, cardiovascular, respiratory, cancer, mental/behavioural disorders/suicides, and other-causes mortality. Results Higher all-cause mortality was associated with increasing concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, NO2, and SO2 pollutants. NO2, PM10, and PM2.5 were also associated with cardiovascular, respiratory, cancer and other-causes mortality. For example, the mortality hazard from respiratory diseases was 1.062 (95%CI = 1.028–1.096), 1.025 (95%CI = 1.005–1.045), and 1.013 (95%CI = 1.007–1.020) per 1 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5, PM10 and NO2 pollutants, respectively. In contrast, mortality from mental and behavioural disorders was associated with 1 μg/m3 higher exposure to SO2 pollutant (HR = 1.042; 95%CI = 1.015–1.069). Conclusion This study revealed an association between long-term (16-years) exposure to ambient air pollution and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. The results suggest that policies and interventions to enhance air quality would reduce the mortality hazard from cardio-respiratory, cancer, and mental/behavioural disorders in the long-term. | |
dc.format.extent | 10 | |
dc.format.extent | 3151834 | |
dc.language.iso | eng | |
dc.relation.ispartof | Environmental Research | en |
dc.subject | Air pollutiion | en |
dc.subject | Mortality | en |
dc.subject | Cardio-respiratory | en |
dc.subject | Mental disorders | en |
dc.subject | Scottish longitudinal study | en |
dc.subject | GE Environmental Sciences | en |
dc.subject | E-DAS | en |
dc.subject.lcc | GE | en |
dc.title | Long-term exposure to air pollution and mortality in Scotland : a register-based individual-level longitudinal study | en |
dc.type | Journal article | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Population and Health Research | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. School of Geography & Sustainable Development | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Environmental Change Research Group | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Bell-Edwards Geographic Data Institute | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Sir James Mackenzie Institute for Early Diagnosis | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Population and Behavioural Science Division | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. School of Medicine | en |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117223 | |
dc.description.status | Peer reviewed | en |
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