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dc.contributor.authorChao, Anne
dc.contributor.authorThorn, Simon
dc.contributor.authorChiu, Chun-Huo
dc.contributor.authorMoyes, Faye
dc.contributor.authorHu, Kai-Hsiang
dc.contributor.authorChazdon, Robin L.
dc.contributor.authorWu, Jessie
dc.contributor.authorMagnago, Luiz Fernando S.
dc.contributor.authorDornelas, Maria
dc.contributor.authorZelený, David
dc.contributor.authorColwell, Robert K.
dc.contributor.authorMagurran, Anne E.
dc.date.accessioned2023-09-29T09:30:06Z
dc.date.available2023-09-29T09:30:06Z
dc.date.issued2023-11-01
dc.identifier290888567
dc.identifier55efe1e8-13c6-4601-8acb-6c470090ea87
dc.identifier85168623522
dc.identifier.citationChao , A , Thorn , S , Chiu , C-H , Moyes , F , Hu , K-H , Chazdon , R L , Wu , J , Magnago , L F S , Dornelas , M , Zelený , D , Colwell , R K & Magurran , A E 2023 , ' Rarefaction and extrapolation with beta diversity under a framework of Hill numbers : the iNEXT.beta3D standardization ' , Ecological Monographs , vol. 93 , no. 4 , e1588 . https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1588en
dc.identifier.issn0012-9615
dc.identifier.otherRIS: urn:1DCBCE2666A0DAEDC2641722CF645744
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0001-9687-0593/work/143335659
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-0036-2795/work/143336049
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/28472
dc.descriptionFunding: This work isjointly supported by the Natural Environment Research Council, UK and the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology under Contracts NERC-MOST 108-2923-M-007-003 and NE/T004487/1. AEM also acknowledges the Leverhulme Trust (RPG-2019-402). Support for the establishment and monitoring of permanent plots in Costa Rican forests was provided by grants from the Andrew W. Mellon Foundation, the US National Science Foundation (NSF DEB-0424767, NSF DEB-0639393 and NSF DEB-1147429), US NASA Terrestrial Ecology Program, and the University of Connecticut Research Foundation. MD is supported by a Leverhulme Trust Research Centre - the Leverhulme Centre for Anthropocene Biodiversity (RC-2018-021). L.F.S.M. was supported by the Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) grant 307984/2022-2.en
dc.description.abstractBased on sampling data, we propose a rigorous standardization method to measure and compare beta diversity across datasets. Here beta diversity, which quantifies the extent of among-assemblage differentiation, relies on Whittaker's original multiplicative decomposition scheme, but we use Hill numbers for any diversity order q ≥ 0. Richness-based beta diversity (q = 0) quantifies the extent of species identity shift, whereas abundance-based (q > 0) beta diversity also quantifies the extent of difference among assemblages in species abundance. We adopt and define the assumptions of a statistical sampling model as the foundation for our approach, treating sampling data as a representative sample taken from an assemblage. The approach makes a clear distinction between the theoretical assemblage level (unknown properties/parameters of the assemblage) and the sampling data level (empirical/observed statistics computed from data). At the assemblage level, beta diversity for N assemblages reflects the interacting effect of the species abundance distribution and spatial/temporal aggregation of individuals in the assemblage. Under independent sampling, observed beta (= gamma/alpha) diversity depends not only on among-assemblage differentiation but also on sampling effort/completeness, which in turn induces dependence of beta on alpha and gamma diversity. How to remove the dependence of richness-based beta diversity on its gamma component (species pool) has been intensely debated. Our approach is to standardize gamma and alpha based on sample coverage (an objective measure of sample completeness). For a single assemblage, the iNEXT method was developed, through interpolation (rarefaction) and extrapolation with Hill numbers, to standardize samples by sampling effort/completeness. Here we adapt the iNEXT standardization to alpha and gamma diversity, that is, alpha and gamma diversity are both assessed at the same level of sample coverage, to formulate standardized, coverage-based beta diversity. This extension of iNEXT to beta diversity required the development of novel concepts and theories, including a formal proof and simulation-based demonstration that the resulting standardized beta diversity removes the dependence of beta diversity on both gamma and alpha values, and thus reflects the pure among-assemblage differentiation. The proposed standardization is illustrated with spatial, temporal, and spatiotemporal datasets, while the freeware iNEXT.beta3D facilitates all computations and graphics.
dc.format.extent32
dc.format.extent1654811
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofEcological Monographsen
dc.subjectAlpha diversityen
dc.subjectAssemblage differentiationen
dc.subjectBeta diversityen
dc.subjectExtrapolationen
dc.subjectGamma diversityen
dc.subjectHill numbersen
dc.subjectRarefactionen
dc.subjectReplication invarianceen
dc.subjectReplication principleen
dc.subjectSample coverageen
dc.subjectQH301 Biologyen
dc.subjectDASen
dc.subjectMCCen
dc.subject.lccQH301en
dc.titleRarefaction and extrapolation with beta diversity under a framework of Hill numbers : the iNEXT.beta3D standardizationen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.sponsorNERCen
dc.contributor.sponsorThe Leverhulme Trusten
dc.contributor.sponsorThe Leverhulme Trusten
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Biologyen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Centre for Biological Diversityen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Fish Behaviour and Biodiversity Research Groupen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Marine Alliance for Science & Technology Scotlanden
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Instituteen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Institute of Behavioural and Neural Sciencesen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. St Andrews Sustainability Instituteen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Centre for Research into Ecological & Environmental Modellingen
dc.identifier.doi10.1002/ecm.1588
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.identifier.grantnumberNE/T004487/1en
dc.identifier.grantnumberORPG-8061en
dc.identifier.grantnumberen


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