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Causal and associational language in observational health research : a systematic evaluation
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dc.contributor.author | Haber, Noah A | |
dc.contributor.author | Wieten, Sarah E | |
dc.contributor.author | Rohrer, Julia M | |
dc.contributor.author | Arah, Onyebuchi A | |
dc.contributor.author | Tennant, Peter W G | |
dc.contributor.author | Stuart, Elizabeth A | |
dc.contributor.author | Murray, Eleanor J | |
dc.contributor.author | Pilleron, Sophie | |
dc.contributor.author | Lam, Sze Tung | |
dc.contributor.author | Riederer, Emily | |
dc.contributor.author | Howcutt, Sarah Jane | |
dc.contributor.author | Simmons, Alison E | |
dc.contributor.author | Leyrat, Clémence | |
dc.contributor.author | Schoenegger, Philipp | |
dc.contributor.author | Booman, Anna | |
dc.contributor.author | Dufour, Mi-Suk Kang | |
dc.contributor.author | O'Donoghue, Ashley L | |
dc.contributor.author | Baglini, Rebekah | |
dc.contributor.author | Do, Stefanie | |
dc.contributor.author | Takashima, Mari De La Rosa | |
dc.contributor.author | Evans, Thomas Rhys | |
dc.contributor.author | Rodriguez-Molina, Daloha | |
dc.contributor.author | Alsalti, Taym M | |
dc.contributor.author | Dunleavy, Daniel J | |
dc.contributor.author | Meyerowitz-Katz, Gideon | |
dc.contributor.author | Antonietti, Alberto | |
dc.contributor.author | Calvache, Jose A | |
dc.contributor.author | Kelson, Mark J | |
dc.contributor.author | Salvia, Meg G | |
dc.contributor.author | Parra, Camila Olarte | |
dc.contributor.author | Khalatbari-Soltani, Saman | |
dc.contributor.author | McLinden, Taylor | |
dc.contributor.author | Chatton, Arthur | |
dc.contributor.author | Seiler, Jessie | |
dc.contributor.author | Steriu, Andreea | |
dc.contributor.author | Alshihayb, Talal S | |
dc.contributor.author | Twardowski, Sarah E | |
dc.contributor.author | Dabravolskaj, Julia | |
dc.contributor.author | Au, Eric | |
dc.contributor.author | Hoopsick, Rachel A | |
dc.contributor.author | Suresh, Shashank | |
dc.contributor.author | Judd, Nicholas | |
dc.contributor.author | Peña, Sebastián | |
dc.contributor.author | Axfors, Cathrine | |
dc.contributor.author | Khan, Palwasha | |
dc.contributor.author | Rivera Aguirre, Ariadne E | |
dc.contributor.author | Odo, Nnaemeka U | |
dc.contributor.author | Schmid, Ian | |
dc.contributor.author | Fox, Matthew P | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2023-08-03T23:38:48Z | |
dc.date.available | 2023-08-03T23:38:48Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2022-12-01 | |
dc.identifier | 280886107 | |
dc.identifier | 23e955d8-6f34-4f54-8da1-828aa5e3b894 | |
dc.identifier | 000864758500001 | |
dc.identifier | 85143180957 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Haber , N A , Wieten , S E , Rohrer , J M , Arah , O A , Tennant , P W G , Stuart , E A , Murray , E J , Pilleron , S , Lam , S T , Riederer , E , Howcutt , S J , Simmons , A E , Leyrat , C , Schoenegger , P , Booman , A , Dufour , M-S K , O'Donoghue , A L , Baglini , R , Do , S , Takashima , M D L R , Evans , T R , Rodriguez-Molina , D , Alsalti , T M , Dunleavy , D J , Meyerowitz-Katz , G , Antonietti , A , Calvache , J A , Kelson , M J , Salvia , M G , Parra , C O , Khalatbari-Soltani , S , McLinden , T , Chatton , A , Seiler , J , Steriu , A , Alshihayb , T S , Twardowski , S E , Dabravolskaj , J , Au , E , Hoopsick , R A , Suresh , S , Judd , N , Peña , S , Axfors , C , Khan , P , Rivera Aguirre , A E , Odo , N U , Schmid , I & Fox , M P 2022 , ' Causal and associational language in observational health research : a systematic evaluation ' , American Journal of Epidemiology , vol. 191 , no. 12 , kwac137 , pp. 2084-2097 . https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwac137 | en |
dc.identifier.issn | 0002-9262 | |
dc.identifier.other | Jisc: 526700 | |
dc.identifier.other | ORCID: /0000-0001-9930-487X/work/117568822 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10023/28097 | |
dc.description.abstract | We estimated the degree to which language used in the high profile medical/public health/epidemiology literature implied causality using language linking exposures to outcomes and action recommendations; examined disconnects between language and recommendations; identified the most common linking phrases; and estimated how strongly linking phrases imply causality. We searched and screened for 1,170 articles from 18 high-profile journals (65 per journal) published from 2010-2019. Based on written framing and systematic guidance, three reviewers rated the degree of causality implied in abstracts and full text for exposure/outcome linking language and action recommendations. Reviewers rated the causal implication of exposure/outcome linking language as None (no causal implication) in 13.8%, Weak 34.2%, Moderate 33.2%, and Strong 18.7% of abstracts. The implied causality of action recommendations was higher than the implied causality of linking sentences for 44.5% or commensurate for 40.3% of articles. The most common linking word in abstracts was "associate" (45.7%). Reviewers’ ratings of linking word roots were highly heterogeneous; over half of reviewers rated "association" as having at least some causal implication. | |
dc.format.extent | 14 | |
dc.format.extent | 788906 | |
dc.language.iso | eng | |
dc.relation.ispartof | American Journal of Epidemiology | en |
dc.subject | Causal language | en |
dc.subject | Association | en |
dc.subject | Causal inference | en |
dc.subject | Obeservational study | en |
dc.subject | RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine | en |
dc.subject | 3rd-DAS | en |
dc.subject | SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being | en |
dc.subject | NIS | en |
dc.subject | MCC | en |
dc.subject.lcc | RA0421 | en |
dc.title | Causal and associational language in observational health research : a systematic evaluation | en |
dc.type | Journal article | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Film Studies | en |
dc.contributor.institution | University of St Andrews. Philosophy | en |
dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.1093/aje/kwac137 | |
dc.description.status | Peer reviewed | en |
dc.date.embargoedUntil | 2023-08-04 |
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