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dc.contributor.authorFoskolos, Ilias
dc.contributor.authorPedersen, Michael Bjerre
dc.contributor.authorBeedholm, Kristian
dc.contributor.authorUebel, Astrid Særmark
dc.contributor.authorMacAulay, Jamie
dc.contributor.authorStidsholt, Laura
dc.contributor.authorBrinkløv, Signe
dc.contributor.authorMadsen, Peter Teglberg
dc.date.accessioned2023-02-10T00:43:23Z
dc.date.available2023-02-10T00:43:23Z
dc.date.issued2022-02-10
dc.identifier280217802
dc.identifier10fbf60d-f77c-4a7b-a1d2-906a6d5974b9
dc.identifier85124438830
dc.identifier35037031
dc.identifier.citationFoskolos , I , Pedersen , M B , Beedholm , K , Uebel , A S , MacAulay , J , Stidsholt , L , Brinkløv , S & Madsen , P T 2022 , ' Echolocating Daubenton's bats are resilient to broadband, ultrasonic masking noise during active target approaches ' , Journal of Experimental Biology , vol. 225 , no. 3 , jeb242957 . https://doi.org/10.1242/jeb.242957en
dc.identifier.issn0022-0949
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/26944
dc.descriptionThis study was funded by a Carlsberg Semper Ardens grant to P.T.M.en
dc.description.abstractEcholocating bats hunt prey on the wing under conditions of poor lighting by emission of loud calls and subsequent auditory processing of weak returning echoes. To do so, they need adequate echo-tonoise ratios (ENRs) to detect and distinguish target echoes from masking noise. Early obstacle avoidance experiments report high resilience to masking in free-flying bats, but whether this is due to spectral or spatiotemporal release from masking, advanced auditory signal detection or an increase in call amplitude (Lombard effect) remains unresolved. We hypothesized that bats with no spectral, spatial or temporal release from masking noise defend a certain ENR via a Lombard effect. We trained four bats (Myotis daubentonii) to approach and land on a target that broadcasted broadband noise at four different levels. An array of seven microphones enabled acoustic localization of the bats and source level estimation of their approach calls. Call duration and peak frequency did not change, but average call source levels (SLRMS, at 0.1 m as dB re. 20 μPa) increased, from 112 dB in the no-noise treatment, to 118 dB (maximum 129 dB) at the maximum noise level of 94 dB re. 20 μPa root mean square. The magnitude of the Lombard effect was small (0.13 dB SLRMS dB-1 of noise), resulting in mean broadband and narrowband ENRs of -11 and 8 dB, respectively, at the highest noise level. Despite these poor ENRs, the bats still performed echo-guided landings, making us conclude that they are very resilient to masking even when they cannot avoid it spectrally, spatially or temporally.
dc.format.extent16
dc.format.extent4439301
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Experimental Biologyen
dc.subjectAcoustic interferenceen
dc.subjectBiosonaren
dc.subjectChiropteraen
dc.subjectEcho-to-noise ratioen
dc.subjectEcholocationen
dc.subjectLombard effecten
dc.subjectQH301 Biologyen
dc.subjectAnimal Science and Zoologyen
dc.subjectAquatic Scienceen
dc.subjectEcology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematicsen
dc.subjectInsect Scienceen
dc.subjectMolecular Biologyen
dc.subjectPhysiologyen
dc.subjectDASen
dc.subject.lccQH301en
dc.titleEcholocating Daubenton's bats are resilient to broadband, ultrasonic masking noise during active target approachesen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Biologyen
dc.identifier.doi10.1242/jeb.242957
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden


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