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Donor–acceptor co-adsorption ratio controls the structure and electronic properties of two-dimensional alkali–organic networks on Ag(100)

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Sohail_2023_JPCC_Donor_acceptor_CC.pdf (4.834Mb)
Date
26/01/2023
Author
Sohail, B.
Blowey, P. J.
Rochford, L. A.
Ryan, P. T. P.
Duncan, D. A.
Lee, T.-L.
Starrs, P.
Costantini, G.
Woodruff, D. P.
Maurer, R. J.
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Abstract
The results are presented of a detailed combined experimental and theoretical investigation of the influence of coadsorbed electron-donating alkali atoms and the prototypical electron acceptor molecule 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquinodimethane (TCNQ) on the Ag(100) surface. Several coadsorption phases were characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy, low-energy electron diffraction, and soft X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Quantitative structural data were obtained using normal-incidence X-ray standing wave (NIXSW) measurements and compared with the results of density functional theory (DFT) calculations using several different methods of dispersion correction. Generally, good agreement between theory and experiment was achieved for the quantitative structures, albeit with the prediction of the alkali atom heights being challenging for some methods. The adsorption structures depend sensitively on the interplay of molecule–metal charge transfer and long-range dispersion forces, which are controlled by the composition ratio between alkali atoms and TCNQ. The large difference in atomic size between K and Cs has negligible effects on stability, whereas increasing the ratio of K/TCNQ from 1:4 to 1:1 leads to a weakening of molecule–metal interaction strength in favor of stronger ionic bonds within the two-dimensional alkali–organic network. A strong dependence of the work function on the alkali donor–TCNQ acceptor coadsorption ratio is predicted.
Citation
Sohail , B , Blowey , P J , Rochford , L A , Ryan , P T P , Duncan , D A , Lee , T-L , Starrs , P , Costantini , G , Woodruff , D P & Maurer , R J 2023 , ' Donor–acceptor co-adsorption ratio controls the structure and electronic properties of two-dimensional alkali–organic networks on Ag(100) ' , Journal of Physical Chemistry C , vol. Articles ASAP . https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c08688
Publication
Journal of Physical Chemistry C
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.2c08688
ISSN
1932-7447
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by American Chemical Society.This is an open access article published under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the author and source are cited.
Description
P.T.P.R. and P.J.B. acknowledge financial support from Diamond Light Source and EPSRC. G.C. acknowledges financial support from the EU through the ERC Grant “VISUAL-MS” (Project ID: 308115). B.S. and R.J.M. acknowledge doctoral studentship funding from the EPSRC and the National Productivity Investment Fund (NPIF). R.J.M. acknowledges financial support via a UKRI Future Leaders Fellowship (MR/S016023/1).
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/26842

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