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The partition of India, Bengali “New Jews,” and refugee democracy : transnational horizons of Indian refugee political discourse

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Banerjee_Itinerario_2022_partition_of_India_CC.pdf (384.5Kb)
Date
29/09/2022
Author
Banerjee, Milinda
Keywords
Refugee intellectual history; refugee political thought
Refugee democracy
Indian refugees
Bengali refugees
New Jews
India
West Bengal
Pakistan
Partition
DS Asia
JV Colonies and colonization. Emigration and immigration. International migration
T-NDAS
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Abstract
This essay advocates “refugee political thought” as an autonomous category which needs to be centre-staged in global intellectual history. I concretise this by studying Bengali Hindu refugees who migrated from Muslim-majority eastern Bengal (after the Partition of British India in 1947 part of Pakistan, and after 1971, the sovereign state of Bangladesh) to the Hindu-majority Indian state of West Bengal, and occasionally their descendants as well. By studying the transnational horizons of Bengali refugees from the late 1940s to today, I posit them as part of modern global intellectual history. Bengali refugees and their descendants connected their experiences with those of refugees elsewhere in the world, seeing themselves, for example, as “new Jews.” Later, some of them aligned themselves with the Palestinian cause. Refugee politics became enmeshed with Cold War revolutionary currents. European, Soviet, and Chinese Marxist theory—and latent Lockean assumptions—propelled the everyday politics of refugee land occupation. Marxism, sometimes with Hegelian inflection, nourished the East Bengali-–origin founders of Subaltern Studies theory and Dalit (lower-caste) thought. Ultimately, this essay shows how Bengali refugees instrumentalised transnational thinking to produce new models of democratic political thought and practice in postcolonial India. I describe this as “refugee democracy.”
Citation
Banerjee , M 2022 , ' The partition of India, Bengali “New Jews,” and refugee democracy : transnational horizons of Indian refugee political discourse ' , Itinerario , vol. 46 , no. 2 , pp. 283-303 . https://doi.org/10.1017/S0165115322000092
Publication
Itinerario
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0165115322000092
ISSN
0165-1153
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © The Author(s), 2022. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of Research Institute for History, Leiden University. This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URL
https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/itinerario/issue/DF501A6934E90B51009A76AFEA02CF57
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/26111

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