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dc.contributor.authorSahu, Kailash C.
dc.contributor.authorAnderson, Jay
dc.contributor.authorCasertano, Stefano
dc.contributor.authorBond, Howard E.
dc.contributor.authorUdalski, Andrzej
dc.contributor.authorDominik, Martin
dc.contributor.authorCalamida, Annalisa
dc.contributor.authorBellini, Andrea
dc.contributor.authorBrown, Thomas M.
dc.contributor.authorRejkuba, Marina
dc.contributor.authorBajaj, Varun
dc.contributor.authorKains, Noé
dc.contributor.authorFerguson, Henry C.
dc.contributor.authorFryer, Chris L.
dc.contributor.authorYock, Philip
dc.contributor.authorMróz, Przemek
dc.contributor.authorKozłowski, Szymon
dc.contributor.authorPietrukowicz, Paweł
dc.contributor.authorPoleski, Radek
dc.contributor.authorSkowron, Jan
dc.contributor.authorSoszyński, Igor
dc.contributor.authorSzymański, Michał K.
dc.contributor.authorUlaczyk, Krzysztof
dc.contributor.authorWyrzykowski, Łukasz
dc.contributor.authorBarry, Richard K.
dc.contributor.authorBennett, David P.
dc.contributor.authorBond, Ian A.
dc.contributor.authorHirao, Yuki
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Stela Ishitani
dc.contributor.authorKondo, Iona
dc.contributor.authorKoshimoto, Naoki
dc.contributor.authorRanc, Clément
dc.contributor.authorRattenbury, Nicholas J.
dc.contributor.authorSumi, Takahiro
dc.contributor.authorSuzuki, Daisuke
dc.contributor.authorTristram, Paul J.
dc.contributor.authorVandorou, Aikaterini
dc.contributor.authorBeaulieu, Jean-Philippe
dc.contributor.authorMarquette, Jean-Baptiste
dc.contributor.authorCole, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorFouqué, Pascal
dc.contributor.authorHill, Kym
dc.contributor.authorDieters, Stefan
dc.contributor.authorCoutures, Christian
dc.contributor.authorDominis-Prester, Dijana
dc.contributor.authorBennett, Clara
dc.contributor.authorBachelet, Etienne
dc.contributor.authorMenzies, John
dc.contributor.authorAlbrow, Michael
dc.contributor.authorPollard, Karen
dc.contributor.authorGould, Andrew
dc.contributor.authorYee, Jennifer C.
dc.contributor.authorAllen, William
dc.contributor.authorAlmeida, Leonardo A.
dc.contributor.authorChristie, Grant
dc.contributor.authorDrummond, John
dc.contributor.authorGal-Yam, Avishay
dc.contributor.authorGorbikov, Evgeny
dc.contributor.authorJablonski, Francisco
dc.contributor.authorLee, Chung-Uk
dc.contributor.authorMaoz, Dan
dc.contributor.authorManulis, Ilan
dc.contributor.authorMcCormick, Jennie
dc.contributor.authorNatusch, Tim
dc.contributor.authorPogge, Richard W.
dc.contributor.authorShvartzvald, Yossi
dc.contributor.authorJørgensen, Uffe G.
dc.contributor.authorAlsubai, Khalid A.
dc.contributor.authorAndersen, Michael I.
dc.contributor.authorBozza, Valerio
dc.contributor.authorNovati, Sebastiano Calchi
dc.contributor.authorBurgdorf, Martin
dc.contributor.authorHinse, Tobias C.
dc.contributor.authorHundertmark, Markus
dc.contributor.authorHusser, Tim-Oliver
dc.contributor.authorKerins, Eamonn
dc.contributor.authorLonga-Peña, Penelope
dc.contributor.authorMancini, Luigi
dc.contributor.authorPenny, Matthew
dc.contributor.authorRahvar, Sohrab
dc.contributor.authorRicci, Davide
dc.contributor.authorSajadian, Sedighe
dc.contributor.authorSkottfelt, Jesper
dc.contributor.authorSnodgrass, Colin
dc.contributor.authorSouthworth, John
dc.contributor.authorTregloan-Reed, Jeremy
dc.contributor.authorWambsganss, Joachim
dc.contributor.authorWertz, Olivier
dc.contributor.authorTsapras, Yiannis
dc.contributor.authorStreet, Rachel A.
dc.contributor.authorBramich, D. M.
dc.contributor.authorHorne, Keith
dc.contributor.authorSteele, Iain A.
dc.date.accessioned2022-07-27T11:30:02Z
dc.date.available2022-07-27T11:30:02Z
dc.date.issued2022-07-06
dc.identifier.citationSahu , K C , Anderson , J , Casertano , S , Bond , H E , Udalski , A , Dominik , M , Calamida , A , Bellini , A , Brown , T M , Rejkuba , M , Bajaj , V , Kains , N , Ferguson , H C , Fryer , C L , Yock , P , Mróz , P , Kozłowski , S , Pietrukowicz , P , Poleski , R , Skowron , J , Soszyński , I , Szymański , M K , Ulaczyk , K , Wyrzykowski , Ł , Barry , R K , Bennett , D P , Bond , I A , Hirao , Y , Silva , S I , Kondo , I , Koshimoto , N , Ranc , C , Rattenbury , N J , Sumi , T , Suzuki , D , Tristram , P J , Vandorou , A , Beaulieu , J-P , Marquette , J-B , Cole , A , Fouqué , P , Hill , K , Dieters , S , Coutures , C , Dominis-Prester , D , Bennett , C , Bachelet , E , Menzies , J , Albrow , M , Pollard , K , Gould , A , Yee , J C , Allen , W , Almeida , L A , Christie , G , Drummond , J , Gal-Yam , A , Gorbikov , E , Jablonski , F , Lee , C-U , Maoz , D , Manulis , I , McCormick , J , Natusch , T , Pogge , R W , Shvartzvald , Y , Jørgensen , U G , Alsubai , K A , Andersen , M I , Bozza , V , Novati , S C , Burgdorf , M , Hinse , T C , Hundertmark , M , Husser , T-O , Kerins , E , Longa-Peña , P , Mancini , L , Penny , M , Rahvar , S , Ricci , D , Sajadian , S , Skottfelt , J , Snodgrass , C , Southworth , J , Tregloan-Reed , J , Wambsganss , J , Wertz , O , Tsapras , Y , Street , R A , Bramich , D M , Horne , K & Steele , I A 2022 , ' An isolated stellar-mass black hole detected through astrometric microlensing ' , Astrophysical Journal , vol. 933 , no. 1 , 83 . https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac739een
dc.identifier.issn0004-637X
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 279762105
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: 58713a21-7555-4835-abf5-762ba2870483
dc.identifier.otherArXiv: http://arxiv.org/abs/2201.13296v1
dc.identifier.otherRIS: urn:EF40B60609D7B0E9AA413C657D8B03B1
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-3202-0343/work/116598431
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 85134804867
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 000821290300001
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/25723
dc.descriptionFunding: L.W. acknowledges support from the Polish NCN grant Daina No. 2017/27/L/ST9/03221. J.-P.B. acknowledges support by the University of Tasmania through the UTAS Foundation and the endowed Warren Chair in Astronomy, and support by ANR COLD-WORLDS (ANR-18-CE31-0002) at Le Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) in Paris and the Laboratoire d’astrophysique de Bordeaux. U.G.J. acknowledges funding from the European Union H2020-MSCA-ITN-2019 under Grant no. 860470 (CHAMELEON) and from the Novo Nordisk Foundation Interdisciplinary Synergy Programme grant no. NNF19OC0057374. T.C.H. acknowledges financial support from the National Research Foundation (NRF; No. 2019R1I1A1A 01059609). Y.T. acknowledges the support of DFG priority program SPP 1992 “Exploring the Diversity of Extrasolar Planets” (TS 356/3-1).en
dc.description.abstractWe report the first unambiguous detection and mass measurement of an isolated stellar-mass black hole (BH). We used the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) to carry out precise astrometry of the source star of the long-duration (tE ≃ 270 days), high-magnification microlensing event MOA-2011-BLG-191/OGLE-2011-BLG-0462 (hereafter designated as MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462), in the direction of the Galactic bulge. HST imaging, conducted at eight epochs over an interval of 6 yr, reveals a clear relativistic astrometric deflection of the background star’s apparent position. Ground-based photometry of MOA-11-191/OGLE-11-462 shows a parallactic signature of the effect of Earth’s motion on the microlensing light curve. Combining the HST astrometry with the ground-based light curve and the derived parallax, we obtain a lens mass of 7.1 ± 1.3 M⊙ and a distance of 1.58 ± 0.18 kpc. We show that the lens emits no detectable light, which, along with having a mass higher than is possible for a white dwarf or neutron star, confirms its BH nature. Our analysis also provides an absolute proper motion for the BH. The proper motion is offset from the mean motion of Galactic disk stars at similar distances by an amount corresponding to a transverse space velocity of ∼45 km s−1, suggesting that the BH received a “natal kick” from its supernova explosion. Previous mass determinations for stellar-mass BHs have come from radial velocity measurements of Galactic X-ray binaries and from gravitational radiation emitted by merging BHs in binary systems in external galaxies. Our mass measurement is the first for an isolated stellar-mass BH using any technique.
dc.format.extent28
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofAstrophysical Journalen
dc.rightsCopyright © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Original content from this work may be used under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence. Any further distribution of this work must maintain attribution to the author(s) and the title of the work, journal citation and DOI.en
dc.subjectBlock holesen
dc.subjectGravitational microlensingen
dc.subjectQB Astronomyen
dc.subjectQC Physicsen
dc.subject3rd-DASen
dc.subjectMCCen
dc.subject.lccQBen
dc.subject.lccQCen
dc.titleAn isolated stellar-mass black hole detected through astrometric microlensingen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.contributor.sponsorEuropean Commissionen
dc.description.versionPublisher PDFen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomyen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. St Andrews Centre for Exoplanet Scienceen
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac739e
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden
dc.identifier.grantnumber860470en


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