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Severity Index for Suspected Arbovirus (SISA) : machine learning for accurate prediction of hospitalization in subjects suspected of arboviral infection

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Date
14/02/2020
Author
Sippy, Rachel
Farrell, Daniel F
Lichtenstein, Daniel A
Nightingale, Ryan
Harris, Megan A
Toth, Joseph
Hantztidiamantis, Paris
Usher, Nicholas
Cueva Aponte, Cinthya
Barzallo Aguilar, Julio
Puthumana, Anthony
Lupone, Christina D
Endy, Timothy
Ryan, Sadie J
Stewart Ibarra, Anna M
Keywords
Adolescent
Arbovirus infections/epidemiology
Arboviruses/genetics
Child
Child, Preschool
Ecuador/epidemiology
Female
Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data
Humans
Infant
Machine Learning
Male
Prospective studies
Retrospective studies
Severity of Illness Index
QA Mathematics
RA0421 Public health. Hygiene. Preventive Medicine
E-NDAS
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Abstract
Background: Dengue, chikungunya, and Zika are arboviruses of major global health concern. Decisions regarding the clinical management of suspected arboviral infection are challenging in resource-limited settings, particularly when deciding on patient hospitalization. The objective of this study was to determine if hospitalization of individuals with suspected arboviral infections could be predicted using subject intake data. Methodology/Principal findings: Two prediction models were developed using data from a surveillance study in Machala, a city in southern coastal Ecuador with a high burden of arboviral infections. Data were obtained from subjects who presented at sentinel medical centers with suspected arboviral infection (November 2013 to September 2017). The first prediction model-called the Severity Index for Suspected Arbovirus (SISA)-used only demographic and symptom data. The second prediction model-called the Severity Index for Suspected Arbovirus with Laboratory (SISAL)-incorporated laboratory data. These models were selected by comparing the prediction ability of seven machine learning algorithms; the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve from the prediction of a test dataset was used to select the final algorithm for each model. After eliminating those with missing data, the SISA dataset had 534 subjects, and the SISAL dataset had 98 subjects. For SISA, the best prediction algorithm was the generalized boosting model, with an AUC of 0.91. For SISAL, the best prediction algorithm was the elastic net with an AUC of 0.94. A sensitivity analysis revealed that SISA and SISAL are not directly comparable to one another. Conclusions/Significance: Both SISA and SISAL were able to predict arbovirus hospitalization with a high degree of accuracy in our dataset. These algorithms will need to be tested and validated on new data from future patients. Machine learning is a powerful prediction tool and provides an excellent option for new management tools and clinical assessment of arboviral infection.
Citation
Sippy , R , Farrell , D F , Lichtenstein , D A , Nightingale , R , Harris , M A , Toth , J , Hantztidiamantis , P , Usher , N , Cueva Aponte , C , Barzallo Aguilar , J , Puthumana , A , Lupone , C D , Endy , T , Ryan , S J & Stewart Ibarra , A M 2020 , ' Severity Index for Suspected Arbovirus (SISA) : machine learning for accurate prediction of hospitalization in subjects suspected of arboviral infection ' , PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases , vol. 14 , no. 2 , e0007969 . https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007969
Publication
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007969
ISSN
1935-2735
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright: © 2020 Sippy et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Description
Funding: This study was supported, in part, by the Department of Defense Global Emerging Infection Surveillance (https://health.mil/Military-Health-Topics/Combat-Support/Armed-Forces-Health-Surveillance-Branch/Global-Emerging-Infections-Surveillance-and-Response) grant (P0220_13_OT) and the Department of Medicine of SUNY Upstate Medical University (http://www.upstate.edu/medicine/). D.F., M.H. and P.H. were supported by the Ben Kean Fellowship from the American Society for Tropical Medicine and Hygeine (https://www.astmh.org/awards-fellowships-medals/benjamin-h-keen-travel-fellowship-in-tropical-medi). S.J.R and A.M.S-I were supported by NSF DEB EEID 1518681, NSF DEB RAPID 1641145 (https://www.nsf.gov/), A.M.S-I was additionally supported by the Prometeo program of the National Secretary of Higher Education, Science, Technology, and Innovation of Ecuador (http://prometeo.educacionsuperior.gob.ec/).
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/24709

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