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Sulfur isotope constraints on the petrogenesis of the Kimberley kimberlites

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Date
23/11/2021
Author
Fitzpayne, Angus
Giuliani, Andrea
Magalhães, Nivea
Soltys, Ashton
Fiorentini, Marco L.
Farquhar, James
Keywords
Kimberlite
Sulfide
S isotopes
Mantle volatiles
Chemical geodynmaics
QE Geology
QD Chemistry
DAS
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Abstract
Cretaceous kimberlites in southern Africa have been suggested to host deeply subducted material in their mantle sources based on radiogenic isotope systematics. However, potential subducted material contributions to the volatile budget, including sulfur, of these kimberlites is unclear. Here we report new petrographic, geochemical, and isotopic data on sulfides and sulfates in sub-volcanic kimberlites from Kimberley, South Africa. The examined kimberlites were divided into four groups based on their sulfide mineralogy, sulfur contents, and isotopic compositions. None of these groups exhibit clear signs of mass-independent fractionation. Three samples contain sphalerite, have moderate bulk-sulfide S concentrations (203-329 µg/g) and highly negative bulk-sulfide δ34S values (-10 to -13‰). Four samples have moderate-to-high bulk-sulfide S contents (220-745 µg/g), positive δ34Ssulfide values (+0.2 to +14‰), and contain galena, pyrite or secondary Cu-sulfides as the dominant sulfides. These groups of S-rich kimberlites were probably contaminated by fluids sourced from local country rocks. The remaining eight samples contain negligible amounts of crustal sulfides (e.g., sphalerite, galena), have lower bulk-sulfide S concentrations (≤111 µg/g), and display a different δ34Ssulfide range (-5.7 to +1.1‰) compared to the S-rich groups. By considering only the five samples with fresh primary Cu-Fe-Ni sulfides, the δ34S range contracts to between -5.7 and -3.4‰, which is considered representative of the mantle source composition. This range indicates the presence of a deeply recycled sedimentary component in the melt source. The combination of detailed sulfide petrography and S isotope geochemistry in fresh kimberlite rocks provides a further tool to investigate mantle chemical geodynamics through time.
Citation
Fitzpayne , A , Giuliani , A , Magalhães , N , Soltys , A , Fiorentini , M L & Farquhar , J 2021 , ' Sulfur isotope constraints on the petrogenesis of the Kimberley kimberlites ' , Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems , vol. 22 , no. 11 , e2021GC009845 . https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gc009845
Publication
Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1029/2021gc009845
ISSN
1525-2027
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2021 The Authors. This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non-commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.
Description
This work was funded by the Ambizione fellowship awarded to AG by the Swiss National Science Foundation (grant n. PZ00P2_180126/1).
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/24402

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