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dc.contributor.authorPapale, Elena B.
dc.contributor.authorAzzolin, Marta A.
dc.contributor.authorCascão, Irma
dc.contributor.authorGannier, Alexandre
dc.contributor.authorLammers, Marc O.
dc.contributor.authorMartin, Vidal M.
dc.contributor.authorOswald, Julie N.
dc.contributor.authorPerez-Gil, Monica
dc.contributor.authorPrieto, Rui
dc.contributor.authorSilva, Mónica A.
dc.contributor.authorTorri, Marco
dc.contributor.authorGiacoma, Cristina
dc.date.accessioned2021-08-02T15:30:05Z
dc.date.available2021-08-02T15:30:05Z
dc.date.issued2021-07-29
dc.identifier.citationPapale , E B , Azzolin , M A , Cascão , I , Gannier , A , Lammers , M O , Martin , V M , Oswald , J N , Perez-Gil , M , Prieto , R , Silva , M A , Torri , M & Giacoma , C 2021 , ' Dolphin whistles can be useful tools in identifying units of conservation ' , BMC Zoology , vol. 6 , 22 . https://doi.org/10.1186/s40850-021-00085-7en
dc.identifier.issn2056-3132
dc.identifier.otherPURE: 275294883
dc.identifier.otherPURE UUID: a6e29851-90be-4076-b19c-7ee3e28ca4ed
dc.identifier.otherRIS: urn:EE3F9CBACB42E6C8CE65BE0F753EE5E9
dc.identifier.otherRIS: Papale2021
dc.identifier.otherORCID: /0000-0002-1524-9592/work/98197241
dc.identifier.otherScopus: 85111549779
dc.identifier.otherWOS: 000679428900001
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10023/23699
dc.descriptionData collection and processing in the Azores was funded by Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) and Fundo Regional da Ciência e Tecnologia (FRCT), through research projects TRACE-PTDC/MAR/74071/2006 and MAPCET-M2.1.2/F/012/2011 (FEDER, the Competitiveness Factors Operational (COMPETE), QREN European Social Fund, and Pro convergencia Açores/EU Program). We also thank FCT for supporting MARE (UID/MAR/04292/2019) and OKEANOS (UIB/05634/2020), as well as for the research grants awarded to PR (SFRH/BPD/108007/2015) and CI (Project Awareness - PTDC/BIA-BMA/30514/2017). SMA is supported through project SUMMER (H2020-EU.3.2.3.1, GA 817806). Data collection by SECAC was funded by the EU LIFE programme—project LIFE INDEMARES (LIFE 07/NAT/E/000732)— and the Fundación Biodiversidad under the Spanish Ministry of Environment, Rural and Marine Affairs (project ZEC-TURSIOPS). EP was supported by a LLP/Erasmus grant 2010–2011 for collecting data in the Canary Islands.en
dc.description.abstractBackground: Prioritizing groupings of organisms or ‘units’ below the species level is a critical issue for conservation purposes. Several techniques encompassing different time-frames, from genetics to ecological markers, have been considered to evaluate existing biological diversity at a sufficient temporal resolution to define conservation units. Given that acoustic signals are expressions of phenotypic diversity, their analysis may provide crucial information on current differentiation patterns within species. Here, we tested whether differences previously delineated within dolphin species based on i) geographic isolation, ii) genetics regardless isolation, and iii) habitat, regardless isolation and genetics, can be detected through acoustic monitoring. Recordings collected from 104 acoustic encounters of Stenella coeruleoalba, Delphinus delphis and Tursiops truncatus in the Azores, Canary Islands, the Alboran Sea and the Western Mediterranean basin between 1996 and 2012 were analyzed. The acoustic structure of communication signals was evaluated by analyzing parameters of whistles in relation to the known genetic and habitat-driven population structure. Results: Recordings from the Atlantic and Mediterranean were accurately assigned to their respective basins of origin through Discriminant Function Analysis, with a minimum 83.8% and a maximum 93.8% classification rate. A parallel pattern between divergence in acoustic features and in the genetic and ecological traits within the basins was highlighted through Random Forest analysis. Although it is not yet possible to establish a causal link between each driver and acoustic differences between basins, we showed that signal variation reflects fine-scale diversity and may be used as a proxy for recognizing discrete units. Conclusion: We recommend that acoustic analysis be included in assessments of delphinid population structure, together with genetics and ecological tracer analysis. This cost-efficient non-invasive method can be applied to uncover distinctiveness and local adaptation in other wide-ranging marine species.
dc.format.extent13
dc.language.isoeng
dc.relation.ispartofBMC Zoologyen
dc.rightsCopyright © The Author(s). 2021 Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder.en
dc.subjectCommunication signalsen
dc.subjectAcoustic divergenceen
dc.subjectGeographic variabilityen
dc.subjectPhenotypic diversityen
dc.subjectCetaceansen
dc.subjectGC Oceanographyen
dc.subjectQH301 Biologyen
dc.subjectQL Zoologyen
dc.subject3rd-DASen
dc.subject.lccGCen
dc.subject.lccQH301en
dc.subject.lccQLen
dc.titleDolphin whistles can be useful tools in identifying units of conservationen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.description.versionPublisher PDFen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. School of Biologyen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Instituteen
dc.contributor.institutionUniversity of St Andrews. Sea Mammal Research Uniten
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1186/s40850-021-00085-7
dc.description.statusPeer revieweden


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