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Falkland Island peatland development processes and the pervasive presence of fire

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Date
15/07/2020
Author
Mauquoy, Dimitri
Payne, Richard
Babeshko, Kirill
Bartlett, Rebecca
Boomer, Ian
Bowey, Hannah
Evans, Chris
Ring-Hrubesh, Fin
Muirhead , David
O'Callaghan, Matthew
Piotrowska, Natalia
Rush, Graham
Sloan, Thomas
Smeaton, Craig
Tsyganov, Andrey
Mazei, Yuri
Keywords
Holocene
Raman spectroscopy
Fire
Peat
Falkland Islands
Charcoal
Testate amoebae
Thermogravimetric analysis
Fire Vegetation dynamics
Southern westerly wind
Global and Planetary Change
Earth and Planetary Sciences(all)
Palaeontology
Environmental Science (miscellaneous)
NDAS
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Abstract
Palaeoecological analyses of Falkland Island peat profiles have largely been confined to pollen analyses. In order to improve understanding of long-term Falkland Island peat development processes, the plant macrofossil and stable isotope stratigraphy of an 11,550 year Falkland Island Cortaderia pilosa (‘whitegrass’) peat profile was investigated. The peatland developed into an acid, whitegrass peatland via a poor fen stage. Macrofossil charcoal indicate that local fires have frequently occurred throughout the development of the peatland. Raman spectroscopy analyses indicate changes in the intensity of burning which are likely to be related to changes in fuel types, abundance of fine fuels due to reduced evapotranspiration/higher rainfall (under weaker Southern Westerly Winds), peat moisture and human disturbance. Stable isotope and thermogravimetric analyses were used to identify a period of enhanced decomposition of the peat matrices dating from ∼7020 cal yr BP, which possibly reflects increasing strength of the Southern Westerly winds. The application of Raman spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analyses to the Falkland Island peat profile identified changes in fire intensity and decomposition which were not detectable using the techniques of macrofossil charcoal and plant macrofossil analyses.
Citation
Mauquoy , D , Payne , R , Babeshko , K , Bartlett , R , Boomer , I , Bowey , H , Evans , C , Ring-Hrubesh , F , Muirhead , D , O'Callaghan , M , Piotrowska , N , Rush , G , Sloan , T , Smeaton , C , Tsyganov , A & Mazei , Y 2020 , ' Falkland Island peatland development processes and the pervasive presence of fire ' , Quaternary Science Reviews , vol. 240 , 106391 . https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106391
Publication
Quaternary Science Reviews
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106391
ISSN
0277-3791
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. This work has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies or with permission. Permission for further reuse of this content should be sought from the publisher or the rights holder. This is the author created accepted manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2020.106391
Description
RJP secured funding for this research from the Quaternary Research Association, University of York and the Russian Science Foundation (19-14-00102).
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/23349

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