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The sensory peripheral nervous system in the tail of a cephalochordate studied by serial blockface scanning electron microscopy (SBSEM)

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Holland_2020_Sensory_peripheral_nervous_JCN_AAM.pdf (6.105Mb)
Date
15/10/2020
Author
Holland, Nicholas
Somorjai, Ildiko Maureen Lara
Keywords
Amphioxus
Cephalochordata
Glia
Lancelet
Peripheral nervous system
SBSEM
QH301 Biology
RC0321 Neuroscience. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry
NDAS
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Abstract
Serial blockface scanning electron microscopy (SBSEM) is used to describe the sensory peripheral nervous system (PNS) in the tail of a cephalochordate, Asymmetron lucayanum. The reconstructed region extends from the tail tip to the origin of the most posterior peripheral nerves from the dorsal nerve cord. As peripheral nerves ramify within the dermis, all the nuclei along their course belong to glial cells. Invaginations in the glial cell cytoplasm house the neurites, an association reminiscent of the nonmyelinated Schwann cells of vertebrates. Peripheral nerves pass from the dermis to the epidermis via small fenestrae in the sub‐epidermal collagen fibril layer; most nerves exit abruptly, but a few run obliquely within the collagen fibril layer for many micrometers before exiting. Within the epidermis, each nerve begins ramifying repeatedly, but the branches are too small to be followed to their tips with SBSEM at low magnification (previous studies on other cephalochordates indicate that the branches end freely or in association with epidermal sensory cells). In Asymmetron, two morphological kinds of sensory cells are scattered in the epidermis, usually singly, but sometimes in pairs, evidently the recent progeny of a single precursor cell. The discussion considers the evolution of the sensory PNS in the phylum Chordata. In cephalochordates, Retzius bipolar neurons with intramedullary perikarya likely correspond to the Rohon‐Beard cells of vertebrates. However, extramedullary neurons originating from ventral epidermis in cephalochordates (and presumably in ancestral chordates) contrast with vertebrate sensory neurons, which arise from placodes and neural crest.
Citation
Holland , N & Somorjai , I M L 2020 , ' The sensory peripheral nervous system in the tail of a cephalochordate studied by serial blockface scanning electron microscopy (SBSEM) ' , The Journal of Comparative Neurology , vol. 528 , no. 15 , pp. 2569-2582 . https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.24913
Publication
The Journal of Comparative Neurology
Status
Peer reviewed
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.24913
ISSN
0021-9967
Type
Journal article
Rights
Copyright © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. This work has been made available online in accordance with publisher policies or with permission. Permission for further reuse of this content should be sought from the publisher or the rights holder. This is the author created accepted manuscript following peer review and may differ slightly from the final published version. The final published version of this work is available at https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.24913
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  • University of St Andrews Research
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10023/23111

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